Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'pleonastic'

English Word: pleonastic

Key Russian Translations:

• Избыточный /ɪzˈbɨ.tət͡ɕ.nɨj/ - [Formal, Adjective; Used in linguistic or academic contexts]
• Тавтологический /tɐf.tə.lɐˈɡɪ.t͡ɕɪs.kʲɪj/ - [Formal, Adjective; Specifically for tautology-related redundancy]

Frequency: Medium (This word and its translations are encountered in academic, linguistic, or professional writing, but not in everyday casual conversation.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; Requires familiarity with Russian adjective declensions and abstract language concepts. For 'Избыточный', it is B2; for 'Тавтологический', it may be C1 due to its specialized nature.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Избыточный: /ɪzˈbɨ.tət͡ɕ.nɨj/

Тавтологический: /tɐf.tə.lɐˈɡɪ.t͡ɕɪs.kʲɪj/

Note on Избыточный: The stress falls on the second syllable ('bɨ'), and the 'т͡ɕ' sound is a palatalized affricate, which can be challenging for English speakers—similar to the 'ch' in 'church' but softer. Variations may occur in rapid speech.

Note on Тавтологический: This word has multiple syllables with stress on the third ('lɐˈɡɪ'), and the ending '-ический' often softens in informal speech. Practice with native audio for accuracy.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Redundant or superfluous in language, referring to unnecessary repetition or excess in expression.

Translation(s) & Context:

• Избыточный - Used in formal writing or discussions about style, where brevity is valued; common in literary criticism.
• Тавтологический - Applied in logical or rhetorical contexts, such as philosophy or debate, to denote exact repetition for emphasis.

Usage Examples:

• В его речи было много избыточных фраз, которые не добавляли новой информации.

  In his speech, there were many pleonastic phrases that didn't add new information.

• Этот текст полон тавтологических выражений, делая его менее эффективным.

  This text is full of pleonastic expressions, making it less effective.

• Избыточное использование слов может утомить читателя в научных статьях.

  The pleonastic use of words can tire the reader in scientific articles.

• Тавтологический подход в аргументации часто приводит к путанице.

  A pleonastic approach in argumentation often leads to confusion.

• В повседневном общении избыточные слова иногда используются для усиления эмоций.

  In everyday communication, pleonastic words are sometimes used to intensify emotions.

Meaning 2: Excessively wordy or verbose in a broader sense, not limited to language.

Translation(s) & Context:

• Избыточный - In general contexts like descriptions or narratives, emphasizing inefficiency.

Usage Examples:

• Его объяснение было избыточным, повторяя одни и те же идеи несколько раз.

  His explanation was pleonastic, repeating the same ideas several times.

• Избыточные детали в отчете сделали его слишком длинным и скучным.

  The pleonastic details in the report made it too long and boring.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both primary translations are adjectives, which inflect based on gender, number, and case in Russian. 'Избыточный' is a regular adjective following standard patterns, while 'Тавтологический' is also regular but longer and more complex.

These adjectives do not change in invariable contexts (e.g., after certain prepositions), but generally follow the rules above.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Излишний (izlishniy) - Similar to 'excessive', but more neutral; used in everyday contexts.
  • Ненужный (nenuzhnyi) - Implies 'unnecessary', with a slight connotation of waste.
• Antonyms:
  • Краткий (kratkiy) - Meaning 'concise' or 'brief'.
  • Экономный (ekonomnyi) - Meaning 'economical' in terms of words or resources.

Related Phrases:

• Избыточная информация (izbytochnaya informatsiya) - Pleonastic information; refers to redundant data in communication or data processing.
• Тавтологическое выражение (tautologicheskoye vyrazheniye) - Tautological expression; a phrase that repeats an idea unnecessarily, often in rhetoric.
• Избыточное употребление слов (izbytochnoye upotrebeleniye slov) - Pleonastic use of words; common in literary analysis.

Usage Notes:

'Pleonastic' corresponds most closely to 'Избыточный' in Russian for general redundancy, but choose 'Тавтологический' when emphasizing logical repetition. In formal Russian writing, these words are preferred in academic or editorial contexts to critique verbosity. Be mindful of gender and case agreements when using as adjectives. For English learners, note that Russian often requires more explicit structuring, so pleonastic elements might appear in translations for clarity, even if not present in the original English.

• Avoid overusing in casual speech, as it can sound overly pedantic.
• When selecting between translations, use 'Избыточный' for broad redundancy and 'Тавтологический' for precise, logical contexts.

Common Errors:

English learners often mistake 'Избыточный' for 'Излишний' and use it interchangeably, but 'Излишний' implies something more wasteful. For example:

• Error: Saying "Это излишний аргумент" when meaning pleonastic repetition.
  Correct: "Это избыточный аргумент" (This is a pleonastic argument).
  Explanation: 'Излишний' suggests excess beyond need, while 'Избыточный' specifically denotes redundancy in language.
• Error: Incorrectly declining the adjective, e.g., using "Избыточный" in genitive as "Избыточный" instead of "Избыточного".
  Correct: В генитиве: "Избыточного аргумента".
  Explanation: Always adjust for case to maintain grammatical accuracy in Russian sentences.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian literature and rhetoric, pleonasm is often viewed as a stylistic flaw, influenced by traditions in Soviet-era linguistics where concise communication was emphasized for efficiency. However, in poetic or expressive writing, such as in works by Pushkin, controlled pleonasm can enhance emphasis, reflecting a cultural appreciation for layered language in art.

Related Concepts:

• Редундантность (redundancy)
• Повторение (repetition)
• Стиль речи (speech style)