Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'plastered'

English Word: plastered

Key Russian Translations:

• пьяный [ˈpʲjanɨj] - [Informal, Colloquial; used to describe someone who is intoxicated]
• навеселе [nɐvʲɪˈsʲelʲə] - [Informal; often implies a lighter state of drunkenness]
• оштукатуренный [ɐʂtʊkɐˈturʲɪnɨj] - [Formal; literal meaning related to being covered in plaster, as in construction]

Frequency: Medium (Common in everyday conversations for the 'drunk' meaning, but less frequent for the literal 'plastered with material' sense).

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate for 'пьяный' and 'навеселе' due to contextual usage; A2 for 'оштукатуренный' as it's more straightforward vocabulary).

Pronunciation (Russian):

пьяный: [ˈpʲjanɨj]

навеселе: [nɐvʲɪˈsʲelʲə]

оштукатуренный: [ɐʂtʊkɐˈturʲɪnɨj]

Note on пьяный: The 'пь' sound is a soft 'p' followed by 'y', which can be tricky for English speakers; it softens to [pʲ] and stresses the first syllable. Variations in casual speech may drop the final vowel slightly.

Audio: Listen to pronunciation of пьяный

Audio: Listen to pronunciation of навеселе

Audio: Listen to pronunciation of оштукатуренный

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Intoxicated or drunk (most common figurative sense)

Translation(s) & Context:

• пьяный - Used in informal settings, such as describing someone after drinking alcohol, often in social or humorous contexts.
• навеселе - Applied in casual conversations, implying a tipsy state rather than full intoxication, common in friendly gatherings.

Usage Examples:

• Он был пьяный после вечеринки и не мог идти прямо.

  He was plastered after the party and couldn't walk straight.

• Друзья вернулись домой навеселе, распеваючи песни.

  The friends came home plastered, singing songs loudly.

• Не водите машину, если вы пьяный – это опасно.

  Don't drive if you're plastered – it's dangerous.

• После нескольких коктейлей, он был слегка навеселе и смеялся без остановки.

  After a few cocktails, he was a bit plastered and laughed non-stop.

• В выходные многие люди становятся пьяными, но нужно знать меру.

  On weekends, many people get plastered, but it's important to know your limits.

Meaning 2: Covered with plaster (literal, construction-related sense)

Translation(s) & Context:

• оштукатуренный - Used in formal or technical contexts, such as building and renovation, to describe surfaces coated with plaster.

Usage Examples:

• Стены в новой квартире были оштукатуренные и готовы к покраске.

  The walls in the new apartment were plastered and ready for painting.

• Дом был оштукатуренный снаружи, чтобы защитить от непогоды.

  The house was plastered on the outside to protect it from the weather.

• После ремонта, потолок оштукатуренный и выглядит идеально.

  After the renovation, the ceiling was plastered and looks perfect.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For adjectives like 'пьяный' and 'оштукатуренный', Russian adjectives inflect based on gender, number, and case. 'Навеселе' is an adverb and does not inflect.

'Пьяный' (adjective):

'Оштукатуренный' follows similar adjectival inflections:

'Навеселе' is invariant and does not change form.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • пьян (similar to пьяный, but more neutral; often used interchangeably in informal speech)
  • на взводе (for навеселе; implies excitement mixed with intoxication)
  • заштукатуренный (for оштукатуренный; a less common variant in construction contexts)
• Antonyms:
  • трезвый (sober, opposite of пьяный)
  • неоштукатуренный (unplastered, opposite of оштукатуренный)

Related Phrases:

• Пьян в стельку – Literally means "drunk as a sheet," used for extreme intoxication; implies complete inebriation.
• Быть навеселе с друзьями – To be tipsy with friends; common in social settings for light-hearted drinking.
• Оштукатуренный фасад – A plastered facade; refers to building exteriors in architectural discussions.

Usage Notes:

'Пьяный' and 'навеселе' are direct equivalents for the informal English 'plastered' in the context of drunkenness, but they carry a more casual tone and are best used in spoken language or informal writing. For formal situations, opt for 'в состоянии алкогольного опьянения' to avoid offense. 'Оштукатуренный' matches the literal meaning but is rarely used metaphorically. When choosing between translations, consider the context: social vs. technical. Always pay attention to gender and case agreements in Russian sentences.

• Grammar note: Adjectives like 'пьяный' must agree with the noun they modify.
• Context tip: In Russian culture, discussing intoxication can be humorous or taboo, so gauge the audience.

Common Errors:

English learners often misuse 'пьяный' by forgetting adjective agreement, e.g., saying "она пьяный" instead of the correct "она пьяная" (she is plastered). Error: "Он пьяный машину" (incorrect word order and case). Correct: "Он был пьяный за рулём" (He was plastered while driving). Another common mistake is confusing it with 'пьян' in formal contexts; explanation: 'Пьян' is simpler but less descriptive, so use 'пьяный' for detailed descriptions to avoid sounding abrupt.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'пьяный' are often linked to social traditions, such as toasts at gatherings or historical contexts like festivals. However, due to Russia's complex relationship with alcohol, using these terms can carry undertones of caution or humor, reflecting both everyday reality and public health campaigns against excessive drinking.

Related Concepts:

• трезвость (sobriety)
• алкоголь (alcohol)
• ремонт (repair, in the context of оштукатуренный)