Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'overdraft'

English Word: overdraft

Key Russian Translations:

• овердрафт [ɐvʲɪrˈdraft] - [Formal, Financial terminology]

Frequency: Medium (Common in financial and business contexts but not in everyday casual conversation).

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires basic understanding of banking concepts and Russian noun declensions).

Pronunciation (Russian):

овердрафт: [ɐvʲɪrˈdraft]

Note on овердрафт: The stress falls on the second syllable ('draft'), and the initial 'o' is pronounced as a short, unstressed [ɐ]. Non-native speakers may confuse it with English pronunciation, so emphasize the Russian vowel sounds.

Audio: Play audio pronunciation (Insert audio file link here).

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: A banking arrangement that allows a customer to withdraw more money than is available in their account, up to a specified limit.

Translation(s) & Context:

• овердрафт - Used in formal banking, financial discussions, or legal documents; typically in professional settings like bank meetings or contracts.

Usage Examples:

• Мой банк одобрил овердрафт на сумму 50 000 рублей для покрытия непредвиденных расходов.

  My bank approved an overdraft of 50,000 rubles to cover unexpected expenses.

• Из-за овердрафта на моем счете накопились штрафы, поэтому я стараюсь избегать его использования.

  Due to the overdraft on my account, fees have accumulated, so I try to avoid using it.

• В условиях экономического кризиса овердрафт стал популярным инструментом для малого бизнеса.

  In times of economic crisis, overdraft has become a popular tool for small businesses.

• Банк предлагает овердрафт с низкой процентной ставкой, если клиент имеет хорошую кредитную историю.

  The bank offers an overdraft with a low interest rate if the customer has a good credit history.

• Я активировал овердрафт в приложении банка, чтобы не остаться без средств во время поездки.

  I activated the overdraft in the bank's app to avoid running out of funds during my trip.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Овердрафт" is a masculine noun (imported from English) and follows the standard declension pattern for third-declension masculine nouns in Russian. It is relatively regular but may not inflect in informal usage. Below is a table of its basic inflections:

Note: In some contexts, especially in modern Russian, it may remain unchanged (e.g., in headlines or informal speech) due to its status as a loanword.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • кредит (credit) - More general term, often used interchangeably in casual contexts, but less specific to overdraft arrangements.
  • заем (loan) - Applies to short-term borrowing, with subtle differences in formality; used when overdraft is temporary.
• Antonyms:
  • дебит (debit) - Refers to money owed or incoming funds, contrasting with overdraft as it involves positive balances.

Related Phrases:

• банковский овердрафт - Bank overdraft; a common phrase in financial discussions, referring to the service provided by banks.
• овердрафтный лимит - Overdraft limit; used to specify the maximum amount available for overdrawing.
• активировать овердрафт - To activate overdraft; often in the context of online banking apps.

Usage Notes:

"Овердрафт" directly corresponds to the English "overdraft" in financial contexts, but it's primarily used in formal or professional settings in Russian. English speakers should note that Russian banking terminology often incorporates loanwords like this one, making it easier to recognize. Be cautious with declensions: always adjust for case (e.g., use "овердрафтом" in instrumental contexts). When choosing between synonyms like "кредит" or "заем", opt for "овердрафт" if the situation specifically involves account overdrawing rather than a general loan. It's neutral in tone but common in business emails or official documents.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "овердрафт" interchangeably with "кредит" without considering context. For example, a learner might say "Я взял кредит на покупку" when meaning an overdraft, which could confuse the audience.

  Correct Usage: Use "овердрафт" for account-specific overdrawing, e.g., "Я использовал овердрафт для оплаты." (I used the overdraft for payment.)

  Explanation: "Кредит" implies a separate loan agreement, while "овердрафт" is tied to an existing account, so precision prevents misunderstandings in financial conversations.

• Error: Failing to decline the noun properly, e.g., saying "в овердрафт" instead of "в овердрафте" in prepositional case.

  Correct Usage: "Я поговорил с менеджером в овердрафте." (I talked to the manager about the overdraft.)

  Explanation: Russian requires case agreement, and incorrect declension can make the sentence grammatically incorrect, leading to confusion for native speakers.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, "овердрафт" is a common feature of modern banking, especially with the rise of digital finance, reflecting the influence of Western economic practices. However, it carries connotations of financial risk due to high interest rates and fees, which aligns with a cultural emphasis on financial caution in post-Soviet economies. Understanding this term can help English speakers navigate Russian banking apps like Sberbank Online, where overdraft options are frequently promoted.

Related Concepts:

• кредит
• дебит
• банковский счет
• процентная ставка