Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'overbrim'

English Word: overbrim

Key Russian Translations:

• переполнять [pʲɪrʲɪˈpolnʲɪtʲ] - [Formal, used for literal or metaphorical overflow]
• переливать [pʲɪrʲɪˈlʲivətʲ] - [Informal, often for liquids]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in everyday and literary contexts, but not as frequent as basic verbs like "to be")

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of verb conjugations, suitable for learners with basic Russian grammar knowledge)

Pronunciation (Russian):

переполнять: [pʲɪrʲɪˈpolnʲɪtʲ]

переливать: [pʲɪrʲɪˈlʲivətʲ]

Note on переполнять: The stress falls on the third syllable; be cautious with the palatalized 'r' sound, which is a common challenge for English speakers. For переливать, the 'l' is soft and fluid.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

To overflow or exceed capacity (literal, e.g., liquids; metaphorical, e.g., emotions)

Translation(s) & Context:

• переполнять - Used in formal or descriptive contexts, such as describing a container overflowing or emotional overwhelm.
• переливать - Applied in informal settings, like pouring liquids that overflow, or in idiomatic expressions.

Usage Examples:

• Вода переполняет стакан, и она льётся на стол.

  The water is overbrimming the glass and spilling onto the table. (Demonstrates literal use with a physical object.)

• Его эмоции переполняют сердце, делая его неспособным говорить.

  His emotions are overbrimming his heart, making him unable to speak. (Shows metaphorical use in emotional contexts.)

• В жару река переливается через берега, угрожая деревне.

  In the heat, the river is overbrimming its banks, threatening the village. (Illustrates use in natural disaster scenarios.)

• Переполняя вазу, цветы падают на землю.

  Overbrimming the vase, the flowers fall to the ground. (Highlights imperfective aspect in ongoing action.)

• Иногда радость переливается через край, заставляя людей танцевать.

  Sometimes joy overbrims over the edge, making people dance. (Depicts idiomatic, informal expression of excess.)

To exceed limits in a non-physical sense (e.g., time or resources)

Translation(s) & Context:

• переполнять - In contexts of time management or resource overuse, emphasizing saturation.

Usage Examples:

• Работа переполняет его расписание, оставляя мало времени для отдыха.

  Work is overbrimming his schedule, leaving little time for rest. (Focuses on time constraints.)

• Долги переполняют бюджет семьи.

  Debts are overbrimming the family's budget. (Applies to financial contexts.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both translations are verbs and follow standard Russian conjugation patterns for imperfective verbs. переполнять and переливать are imperfective, meaning they describe ongoing or repeated actions. They conjugate irregularly in some aspects due to Russian's complex verbal system.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: наполнять (to fill), заливать (to flood) - наполнять is more neutral and less intense than переполнять.
• Antonyms: опустошать (to empty), истощать (to exhaust) - опустошать implies complete depletion, often in emotional contexts.

Related Phrases:

• Переполненный стакан - A glass that is overbrimming; used to describe excess in everyday situations.
• Перелить через край - To overbrim over the edge; an idiomatic phrase for emotional overflow, equivalent to "to boil over" in English.
• Сердце переполняется радостью - The heart is overbrimming with joy; a common expression in literature for intense happiness.

Usage Notes:

The English word "overbrim" is not standard but can be likened to "overflow." In Russian, choose переполнять for formal or metaphorical uses and переливать for informal, liquid-related contexts. Be mindful of aspect: use imperfective for ongoing actions and perfective (e.g., переполнить) for completed ones. In spoken Russian, these verbs often appear in idiomatic expressions, so context dictates the best fit. For learners, note that Russian verbs require agreement with subject gender and number, which has no direct equivalent in English.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using the infinitive form in sentences where a conjugated verb is needed, e.g., "Я переполнять стакан" instead of "Я переполняю стакан." Correct: Always conjugate based on subject (e.g., "Я переполняю"). Explanation: Russian verbs must agree with the subject in person and number, unlike English infinitives.

• Error: Confusing with similar verbs like "наполнять," leading to misuse in overflow contexts, e.g., "Вода наполняет реку" when meaning overflow. Correct: Use переполнять for excess. Explanation: наполнять means simple filling, not exceeding capacity.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, phrases like "переполненный стакан" often symbolize abundance or excess in literature and folklore, reflecting themes of hospitality or emotional intensity. For instance, in Russian proverbs, overflowing elements can represent generosity, as seen in traditional tales where sharing leads to abundance.

Related Concepts:

• Заливать
• Наполнять
• Истощать