Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'organ'

English Word: organ

Key Russian Translations:

• орган [ˈorɡən] - [Formal, used for anatomical, institutional, or musical contexts]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in medical, administrative, and cultural discussions)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, as it involves basic noun declensions; easier for anatomical meanings, slightly harder for idiomatic uses)

Pronunciation (Russian):

орган: [ˈorɡən]

Note on орган: The stress is on the first syllable; the 'г' is pronounced as a voiced velar fricative, which may be challenging for English speakers used to softer 'g' sounds. Variations in informal speech might soften the 'г' to [ɣ].

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Meanings and Usage:

Biological organ (e.g., part of the body)

Translation(s) & Context:

• орган - Used in medical or scientific contexts to refer to internal body parts, such as the heart or liver.

Usage Examples:

• Мой организм имеет несколько важных органов, включая сердце и печень.

  My body has several important organs, including the heart and liver.

• Врачи изучили орган пациента во время операции.

  Doctors examined the patient's organ during the surgery.

• Функции органа могут нарушиться из-за болезни.

  The functions of the organ can be disrupted due to illness.

• Орган дыхания отвечает за газообмен в организме.

  The respiratory organ is responsible for gas exchange in the body.

Institutional or organizational body (e.g., government organ)

Translation(s) & Context:

• орган - Used in formal or bureaucratic contexts to mean an official body or agency.

Usage Examples:

• Правительственный орган отвечает за регулирование экономики.

  The government organ is responsible for regulating the economy.

• Этот орган власти принимает важные решения.

  This organ of authority makes important decisions.

• Орган местного самоуправления организует общественные мероприятия.

  The local government organ organizes public events.

• Международный орган координирует глобальные усилия по охране окружающей среды.

  The international organ coordinates global efforts for environmental protection.

Musical instrument (e.g., pipe organ)

Translation(s) & Context:

• орган - Used in cultural or artistic contexts to refer to a keyboard instrument like a pipe organ.

Usage Examples:

• В соборе играет старинный орган во время мессы.

  The old organ plays in the cathedral during mass.

• Музыкант мастерски управляет органом на концерте.

  The musician skillfully operates the organ at the concert.

• Орган в церкви производит глубокий и величественный звук.

  The organ in the church produces a deep and majestic sound.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Орган" is a masculine noun in Russian, which follows the standard second declension pattern. It is inflected based on case, number, and gender. Below is a table of its declensions for singular and plural forms:

Note: The word does not have irregular inflections, making it relatively straightforward for learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • аппарат (apparat) - Often used for institutional bodies, with a connotation of machinery or system.
  • инструмент (instrument) - Specifically for musical contexts, implying a tool or device.
• Antonyms:
  • болезнь (bolezn') - For biological contexts, meaning "disease" as an opposite to a healthy organ.

Related Phrases:

• Внутренний орган - Internal organ; refers to body parts like the liver or kidneys.
• Государственный орган - State organ; used for government agencies, with a formal connotation.
• Играть на органе - To play the organ; a common phrase in musical contexts.

Usage Notes:

The Russian word "орган" directly corresponds to the English "organ" in most contexts but can vary in nuance. For anatomical uses, it's neutral and formal, often appearing in medical texts. In institutional settings, it implies authority and is best used in official or written language. When choosing between translations, opt for "орган" in standard situations, but be aware of context—e.g., avoid it in casual conversations about music where "инструмент" might feel more natural. Grammatically, remember its masculine gender and declension patterns to ensure correct agreement with adjectives and verbs.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "орган" without proper declension, e.g., saying "в орган" instead of "в органе" for "in the organ" (prepositional case).

  Correct: в органе. Explanation: Russian requires case agreement; this mistake often stems from direct word-for-word translation from English.

• Error: Confusing "орган" with "оргия" (orgy), which sounds similar but has a completely different meaning.

  Correct: Use "орган" carefully in speech. Explanation: Pronunciation differences are key; "орган" has stress on the first syllable, while "оргия" has it on the second.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "орган" as a musical instrument often evokes historical and religious significance, such as in Orthodox churches where pipe organs symbolize grandeur and tradition. Anatomically, discussions of organs may tie into broader themes of health and resilience in Russian literature, reflecting the country's emphasis on endurance in folklore and modern media.

Related Concepts:

• сердце (heart)
• печень (liver)
• аппарат (apparatus, for institutional contexts)