Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'obloquy'

English Word: obloquy

Key Russian Translations:

• осуждение [ɐˈsudʐənʲɪje] - [Formal, often used in ethical or legal contexts]
• порицание [pɐrʲɪˈtsanʲɪje] - [Formal, implies moral disapproval]
• клевета [ˈklʲevʲɪtə] - [Formal, specifically for defamation or slanderous obloquy]

Frequency: Medium (These terms appear in formal writing, media, and discussions but are not everyday vocabulary for casual conversation.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of nuanced vocabulary and Russian grammatical structures. 'осуждение' and 'порицание' are at B2, while 'клевета' might edge toward C1 due to legal connotations.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

осуждение: [ɐˈsudʐənʲɪje]

Note on осуждение: The stress falls on the second syllable ('sud'), and the 'zh' sound (as in 'measure') can be challenging for English speakers. Pay attention to the soft 'n' at the end.

порицание: [pɐrʲɪˈtsanʲɪje]

Note on порицание: Stress on the third syllable ('tsa'), with a palatalized 'r' that softens the pronunciation.

клевета: [ˈklʲevʲɪtə]

Note on клевета: The initial 'kl' is pronounced with a soft 'l', and the word ends with a neutral vowel sound; common in legal speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Strong criticism, censure, or public condemnation.

Translation(s) & Context:

• осуждение - Used in formal contexts like public debates or ethical discussions, emphasizing societal disapproval.
• порицание - Applied in moral or professional settings, such as criticizing behavior in literature or media.
• клевета - Specifically for false or malicious obloquy, often in legal or interpersonal conflicts.

Usage Examples:

• Он подвергся осуждению со стороны общественности за коррупцию.

  He was subjected to obloquy from the public for corruption.

• Её порицание действий коллег привело к изменениям в компании.

  Her obloquy of her colleagues' actions led to changes in the company.

• Клевета в прессе разрушила его репутацию.

  The obloquy in the press destroyed his reputation.

• Общественное осуждение политиков часто приводит к реформам.

  Public obloquy of politicians often leads to reforms.

• Его порицание за ошибки было справедливым, но жёстким.

  His obloquy for the mistakes was fair but harsh.

2. Defamation or slander (a more specific sense of obloquy).

Translation(s) & Context:

• клевета - Used in contexts involving false accusations, such as in courts or media scandals.
• осуждение - Sometimes overlaps in informal defamation scenarios.

Usage Examples:

• Клевета на известного артиста вызвала судебный иск.

  The obloquy against the famous artist resulted in a lawsuit.

• Его осуждение в социальных сетях было воспринято как клевета.

  His obloquy on social media was perceived as slander.

• Порицание его работы переросло в открытую клевету.

  The obloquy of his work escalated into outright defamation.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

These translations are primarily nouns. Russian nouns inflect based on case, number, and gender. 'Осуждение' and 'порицание' are neuter nouns, while 'клевета' is feminine. They follow standard patterns but have irregularities in some cases.

Note: These nouns do not change in plural forms as frequently, but 'осуждения' can become 'осуждений' in plural genitive. They are invariable in gender but require case agreement in sentences.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • критика (kritika) - General criticism, less intense than облоquy.
  • поношение (ponoshenie) - Similar to defamation, often with a moral tone.
  • ругань (rugan') - More informal, implying verbal abuse.
• Antonyms:
  • похвала (pohvala) - Praise, directly opposite in formal contexts.
  • одобрение (odobrenie) - Approval, used in professional or social settings.

Related Phrases:

• общественное осуждение - Public obloquy; refers to widespread societal criticism.
• моральное порицание - Moral obloquy; used in ethical discussions to denote condemnation based on values.
• распространение клеветы - Spreading obloquy; common in legal contexts for defamation campaigns.

Usage Notes:

'Облоquy' translates most directly to 'осуждение' in contexts of general criticism, but choose 'клевета' for legal slander. These words are formal and rarely used in everyday speech; prefer them in written or professional Russian. Note the need for case agreement, e.g., 'осуждение' changes based on sentence role. When deciding between translations, consider the intent: 'порицание' emphasizes moral judgment, while 'клевета' implies falsehood.

Common Errors:

• Confusing 'осуждение' with 'осуждение' in verb form (from 'осудить'), leading to incorrect usage. Error: "Я осуждение его" (wrong). Correct: "Я подверг осуждению его" (I subjected him to obloquy). Explanation: 'Осуждение' is a noun; use it with appropriate prepositions for proper syntax.

• Using 'клевета' interchangeably with 'осуждение' without considering legality. Error: "Его критика была клеветой" (if it's not false). Correct: "Его критика была осуждением". Explanation: 'Клевета' requires proof of falsehood, so it's more specific than general obloquy.

• Neglecting case inflections, e.g., saying "в осуждение" instead of "в осуждении". Error: "Я думаю в осуждение" (incorrect). Correct: "Я думаю об осуждении". Explanation: Prepositional case is needed after certain prepositions.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'осуждение' often carry a strong communal aspect, reflecting historical emphasis on collective morality in Soviet and post-Soviet society. Public obloquy can lead to social ostracism, as seen in media campaigns or literary works by authors like Dostoevsky, where moral condemnation drives the narrative.

Related Concepts:

• критика
• оскорбление
• дискредитация
• репутация