mumpish
Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'mumpish'
English Word: mumpish
Key Russian Translations:
- Угрюмый /uɡʲrʲuˈmɨj/ - [Adjective, Informal, Used to describe temporary mood]
- Хандрящий /xanˈdrʲaʂːɪj/ - [Adjective, Informal, Often implies prolonged sullenness]
Frequency: Medium - The word and its translations are not everyday vocabulary but appear in literature, conversations about emotions, and psychological contexts.
Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) - For English speakers, understanding and using these adjectives requires familiarity with Russian adjective declensions; "Угрюмый" is straightforward, while "Хандрящий" may be slightly more challenging due to its less common root.
Pronunciation (Russian):
Угрюмый: /uɡʲrʲuˈmɨj/
Хандрящий: /xanˈdrʲaʂːɪj/
Note on Угрюмый: The "гʲ" sound is a palatalized "g," which can be tricky for beginners; it's softer than in English "go." Pronounce it like "oo-gree-OO-mee."
Note on Хандрящий: The "х" is a voiceless velar fricative, similar to the "ch" in Scottish "loch." Avoid softening it.
Audio: []
Meanings and Usage:
Sullen, sulky, or ill-tempered
Translation(s) & Context:
- Угрюмый - Used in everyday contexts to describe someone who is temporarily moody or withdrawn, often in informal settings like family discussions.
- Хандрящий - Applied in more introspective or literary contexts, implying a deeper, ongoing state of sullenness, such as in psychological or emotional descriptions.
Usage Examples:
-
Он был угрюмым после неудачного дня на работе.
He was mumpish after a bad day at work.
-
Девушка сидела угрюмая в углу, не желая разговаривать.
The girl sat mumpish in the corner, unwilling to talk.
-
Его хандрящий характер часто отпугивает друзей.
His mumpish nature often drives friends away.
-
В дождливый день она становится угрюмой и задумчивой.
On rainy days, she becomes mumpish and thoughtful.
-
Мальчик хандрящий, но с друзьями он оживает.
The boy is mumpish, but he perks up with friends.
Russian Forms/Inflections:
Both "Угрюмый" and "Хандрящий" are adjectives, which inflect based on gender, number, and case in Russian. Adjectives agree with the nouns they modify and follow standard patterns for hard-stem adjectives.
| Form | Угрюмый (e.g., with a noun) | Хандрящий (e.g., with a noun) |
|---|---|---|
| Masculine Singular Nominative | Угрюмый (e.g., угрюмый мужчина) | Хандрящий (e.g., хандрящий юноша) |
| Feminine Singular Nominative | Угрюмая (e.g., угрюмая женщина) | Хандрящая (e.g., хандрящая девушка) |
| Neuter Singular Nominative | Угрюмое (e.g., угрюмое настроение) | Хандрящее (e.g., хандрящее состояние) |
| Plural Nominative | Угрюмые (e.g., угрюмые люди) | Хандрящие (e.g., хандрящие личности) |
| Genitive Case Example | Угрюмого (e.g., дом угрюмого типа) | Хандрящего (e.g., период хандрящего настроения) |
Note: These are regular inflections. No irregularities, but always ensure agreement with the noun's gender, number, and case.
Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:
- Synonyms:
- Мрачный (mrachnyi) - Similar but often implies a darker, more permanent gloom.
- Злой (zloi) - Overlaps in irritability but leans towards anger.
- Antonyms:
- Веселый (veselyi) - Cheerful, directly opposite in mood.
- Дружественный (druzhestvennyi) - Friendly, contrasting the withdrawn nature.
Related Phrases:
- Угрюмое настроение - A mumpish mood; used to describe temporary emotional states in casual conversations.
- Хандрящий характер - A mumpish personality; often in psychological or literary contexts to indicate inherent traits.
- Быть угрюмым как туча - To be as mumpish as a cloud; an idiomatic expression meaning extremely sullen, evoking stormy weather.
Usage Notes:
"Mumpish" corresponds most closely to "Угрюмый" in informal, everyday Russian, while "Хандрящий" is better for more nuanced or prolonged states. Use "Угрюмый" in spoken language to avoid sounding overly formal, but be cautious with context—it's not suitable for professional settings. When translating, choose based on duration: short-term for "Угрюмый," long-term for "Хандрящий." Grammatically, always decline the adjective to match the noun it describes.
Common Errors:
Error: Using "Угрюмый" without proper declension, e.g., saying "угрюмый женщина" instead of "угрюмая женщина."
Correct: Ensure gender agreement; explanation: Russian adjectives must change endings to match the noun's gender, number, and case.
Error: Confusing "Угрюмый" with "Злой," leading to overuse in angry contexts.
Correct: Use "Угрюмый" for sullenness without aggression; explanation: "Злой" implies active anger, while "Угрюмый" suggests passive withdrawal, which better matches "mumpish."
Cultural Notes:
In Russian culture, expressions like "угрюмый" often reflect the stoic or introspective aspects of Slavic temperament, influenced by literature (e.g., Dostoevsky's characters). It can carry a romanticized connotation of deep emotion, unlike the more straightforward negativity in English equivalents.
Related Concepts:
- Грустный (sad)
- Мрачный (gloomy)
- Раздражительный (irritable)