Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'measured'

English Word: measured

Key Russian Translations:

• измеренный /ɪzˈmʲerʲɪn̪ɨj/ - [Formal, used in scientific or technical contexts]
• умеренный /ʊˈmʲerʲɪn̪ɨj/ - [Informal, Plural forms may apply; used for moderation or restraint]

Frequency: Medium (Common in everyday language, especially in scientific, technical, or descriptive writing)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, as it involves understanding adjective inflections; for 'измеренный', it may be A2 for beginners, while 'умеренный' is B1 due to nuanced usage)

Pronunciation (Russian):

измеренный: /ɪzˈmʲerʲɪn̪ɨj/ (Stress on the second syllable; the 'й' sound is a soft palatal approximant)

Note on измеренный: Be cautious with the soft 'р' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers; it softens before vowels.

Audio: []

умеренный: /ʊˈmʲerʲɪn̪ɨj/ (Stress on the second syllable; the initial 'у' is a back rounded vowel)

Note on умеренный: The word may vary slightly in rapid speech, with the final 'ый' sometimes reduced.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Having been measured (refers to something that has undergone measurement)

Translation(s) & Context:

• измеренный - Used in formal, scientific, or technical contexts, such as describing quantified data.

Usage Examples:

• Этот участок был тщательно измеренный инженерами. (This area was carefully measured by the engineers.)

  Translation: This section was thoroughly measured by the engineers. (Demonstrates use in a technical context with past participle.)

• Измеренный объём воды оказался меньше, чем ожидалось. (The measured volume of water turned out to be less than expected.)

  Translation: The measured volume of water was smaller than anticipated. (Shows adjective modifying a noun in a scientific sentence.)

• В отчёте указан измеренный уровень радиации. (The report states the measured level of radiation.)

  Translation: The report indicates the measured level of radiation. (Illustrates formal reporting.)

• Измеренный вес груза не превысил лимит. (The measured weight of the cargo did not exceed the limit.)

  Translation: The measured weight of the cargo stayed under the limit. (Applies in logistics or everyday measurement.)

Meaning 2: Moderate or restrained (refers to something done with careful control or in a balanced way)

Translation(s) & Context:

• умеренный - Used in informal or descriptive contexts, such as discussing behavior, speed, or intensity.

Usage Examples:

• Его реакция была умеренной, несмотря на провокацию. (His reaction was measured, despite the provocation.)

  Translation: His reaction was moderate, even though he was provoked. (Highlights restraint in emotional contexts.)

• Умеренный темп упражнений подходит для начинающих. (A measured pace of exercises is suitable for beginners.)

  Translation: A moderate pace of exercises works well for beginners. (Demonstrates use in fitness or daily routines.)

• В диете рекомендуется умеренный приём сахара. (A measured intake of sugar is recommended in the diet.)

  Translation: A moderate consumption of sugar is advised in the diet. (Applies in health-related discussions.)

• Она говорила умеренным тоном, чтобы не обидеть собеседника. (She spoke in a measured tone to avoid offending the listener.)

  Translation: She used a restrained tone to not upset the conversation partner. (Shows application in social interactions.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'измеренный' and 'умеренный' are adjectives in Russian, which inflect based on gender, number, and case. Russian adjectives follow standard patterns for short and long forms, with 'измеренный' being more regular.

Note: These adjectives do not have irregular inflections; they follow the standard first-declension pattern. If used in short form (e.g., for predicates), they simplify, e.g., 'измерен' or 'умерен'.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • точный (tochnyj) - Precise, but more about accuracy than measurement.
  • сбалансированный (sbalansirovannyj) - Balanced, often for 'умеренный'.
• Antonyms:
  • неизмеренный (neizmerennyj) - Unmeasured.
  • эксцессивный (ekstsessivnyj) - Excessive, contrasting with 'умеренный'.

Related Phrases:

• измеренный подход - A measured approach (refers to a cautious or calculated method in decision-making).
• умеренный климат - A moderate climate (describes balanced weather conditions).
• с умеренной скоростью - At a measured speed (used for controlled pacing, e.g., in driving).

Usage Notes:

'Измеренный' directly corresponds to the idea of something physically measured, making it ideal for scientific or quantitative contexts, while 'умеренный' aligns with the English sense of restraint or moderation. English users should note that Russian adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify, which can affect sentence structure. For example, choose 'умеренный' in informal conversations about emotions, but use 'измеренный' in technical reports. Be aware of context: in Russian, these words can imply precision or control, which might not always perfectly match English nuances.

Common Errors:

• English learners often misuse gender agreement, e.g., saying "измеренный вода" instead of "измеренная вода" (for feminine noun 'вода'). Correct: Use the feminine form "измеренная" to match the noun.
• Confusing with synonyms: Learners might incorrectly use "точный" for 'measured' in a moderate sense, e.g., "точный реакция" instead of "умеренная реакция". Explanation: "Точный" means accurate, not restrained, so stick to 'умеренный' for emotional moderation.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'умеренный' often reflect a value of restraint and balance, influenced by historical contexts such as Soviet-era emphasis on moderation in daily life. This can be seen in phrases related to health or politics, where excess is culturally frowned upon, helping to understand the deeper connotations of control and harmony.

Related Concepts:

• количественный (kolichestvennyj)
• сдержанный (sderzhannyj)
• анализ (analiz)