Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'marital'

English Word: marital

Key Russian Translations:

• брачный [ˈbratʂnɨj] - [Formal, used in legal or official contexts]
• супружеский [sʊˈpruʐɨskʲɪj] - [Formal, often in familial or relational discussions]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in legal, familial, and everyday discussions about relationships)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of Russian adjective forms and formal vocabulary)

Pronunciation (Russian):

брачный: [ˈbratʂnɨj]

Note on брачный: The stress is on the first syllable; the 'ч' sound is a voiceless palatal fricative, which can be challenging for English speakers.

супружеский: [sʊˈpruʐɨskʲɪj]

Note on супружеский: Stress falls on the second syllable; pay attention to the soft 'ж' sound, which is softer than the English 'zh' in 'measure'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Related to marriage (e.g., pertaining to wedlock, spouse, or marital status)

Translation(s) & Context:

• брачный - Used in formal or legal contexts, such as contracts or official documents.
• супружеский - Applied in relational or everyday contexts discussing spousal relationships.

Usage Examples:

• Они подписали брачный договор перед свадьбой.

  They signed a marital agreement before the wedding.

• В супружеский жизни важно поддерживать доверие.

  In marital life, it's important to maintain trust.

• Брачный статус влияет на налоговые льготы в России.

  Marital status affects tax benefits in Russia.

• Супружеский конфликт может привести к разводе.

  A marital conflict can lead to divorce.

• Брачный возраст в этой стране установлен законом.

  The marital age in this country is set by law.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "брачный" and "супружеский" are adjectives, which inflect based on gender, number, and case in Russian. Russian adjectives agree with the nouns they modify and follow standard patterns for first-declension adjectives.

Note: These adjectives do not have irregular forms but must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they describe. For short-form adjectives in predicates, they remain unchanged (e.g., "он женат" uses a different structure).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • семейный (semeynyy) - More general, implying family-related, with a slight nuance of everyday domestic life.
  • бракообразующий (brakoobrazuyushchiy) - Formal, specifically for marriage-forming contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • холостяцкий (kholostyatskiy) - Refers to single or bachelor status.
  • незамужний (nezamuzhniy) - For unmarried women, in a feminine context.

Related Phrases:

• Брачный контракт (brachnyy kontrakt) - A marital agreement; used in legal contexts to outline spousal rights.
• Супружеский долг (supruzheskiy dolg) - Marital duty; refers to obligations in a marriage, often with cultural implications.
• Брачный возраст (brachnyy vozrast) - Marital age; the legal age for marriage in Russia.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "брачный" is the most direct equivalent to "marital" in formal or legal settings, while "супружеский" emphasizes the relational aspect. Choose "брачный" for documents or official discussions, and "супружеский" for personal narratives. Be mindful of adjective agreement with nouns in gender, number, and case. English speakers often overlook the formal tone; use these in professional contexts to avoid sounding overly casual.

• Grammar tip: Always ensure the adjective matches the noun (e.g., "брачный статус" for masculine noun).
• Contextual guidance: In modern Russian, these words are neutral but may carry traditional connotations in cultural discussions.

Common Errors:

English learners often misuse adjective forms by not changing them for gender or case, leading to grammatical errors. For example:

• Error: Saying "брачный женщина" (incorrect, as it should agree with the feminine noun "женщина").
• Correct: "Брачная женщина" (meaning a married woman, with proper feminine form).
• Explanation: Russian requires full agreement; this mistake can make the sentence sound unidiomatic or confusing.
• Another error: Confusing with nouns like "брак" (marriage), leading to overuse in non-adjectival contexts.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like "брачный" and "супружеский" often reflect traditional values around marriage, influenced by historical Orthodox Christian norms. Marriage is seen as a cornerstone of family life, and phrases like "брачный контракт" have gained popularity with modern legal reforms, highlighting a blend of tradition and contemporary practices.

Related Concepts:

• развод (razvod) - Divorce
• семья (sem'ya) - Family
• свадьба (svad'ba) - Wedding