Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'issuance'

English Word: issuance

Key Russian Translations:

• выдача [vɨˈdat͡ɕə] - [Formal, Noun]
• издание [ɪzˈdanʲɪje] - [Formal, Noun]
• эмиссия [ɛˈmʲisʲɪjə] - [Formal, Technical, e.g., financial contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in official, legal, and business contexts, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B1 Intermediate (Requires understanding of noun declensions; 'выдача' and 'издание' are straightforward for intermediates, while 'эмиссия' may be B2 for financial learners)

Pronunciation (Russian):

выдача: [vɨˈdat͡ɕə]

Note on выдача: The stress falls on the second syllable ("da"). The "ч" sound is a soft palatal fricative, which can be challenging for English speakers—similar to the "ch" in "loch" but softer.

издание: [ɪzˈdanʲɪje]

Note on издание: Stress on the second syllable ("dan"). The "й" represents a palatal approximant, akin to "y" in "yes."

эмиссия: [ɛˈmʲisʲɪjə]

Note on эмиссия: Stress on the second syllable ("mis"). The "мʲ" indicates a palatalized "m," which subtly affects pronunciation.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: The act of issuing or distributing something, such as a document, certificate, or official item.

Translation(s) & Context:

• выдача - Used in formal administrative or legal contexts, e.g., issuing a passport or license.
• издание - Applied when referring to the publication or release of materials, like books or editions.

Usage Examples:

• В паспортном столе происходит выдача новых документов.

  In the passport office, the issuance of new documents is taking place.

• Банк объявил о выдаче кредитов для малого бизнеса.

  The bank announced the issuance of loans for small businesses.

• Издание официального декрета было отложено из-за технических проблем.

  The issuance of the official decree was delayed due to technical issues.

• После проверки документов была произведена выдача сертификата.

  After checking the documents, the issuance of the certificate was carried out.

Meaning 2: The process of emitting or releasing something, especially in financial or scientific contexts (e.g., issuance of stocks).

Translation(s) & Context:

• эмиссия - Common in economic or technical discussions, such as stock issuance.

Usage Examples:

• Эмиссия акций компании принесла значительные инвестиции.

  The issuance of the company's shares brought significant investments.

• Правительство контролирует эмиссию валюты для стабильности экономики.

  The government controls the issuance of currency for economic stability.

• Эмиссия облигаций была одобрена советом директоров.

  The issuance of bonds was approved by the board of directors.

• В результате эмиссии новых бумаг цена акций упала.

  As a result of the issuance of new shares, the stock price dropped.

• Эмиссия загрязняющих веществ регулируется экологическими законами.

  The issuance of pollutants is regulated by environmental laws.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Most key translations are feminine nouns and follow standard Russian declension patterns. Below is a table for 'выдача' (feminine noun, 1st declension) and 'издание' (neuter noun, 2nd declension). 'Эмиссия' is also feminine and similar to 'выдача'.

Note: These nouns do not have irregular inflections, making them relatively straightforward for learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • распространение (rasprostranenie) - More general, implying wider distribution.
  • выпуск (vypusk) - Often used interchangeably with выдача in publishing contexts.
  • публикация (publikatsiya) - Specific to making something public, like a document.
• Antonyms:
  • отзыв (otzyv) - Recall or withdrawal of issuance.
  • запрет (zapret) - Prohibition, opposite in the context of allowing issuance.

Related Phrases:

• выдача документов - Issuance of documents; Common in bureaucratic settings.
• эмиссия ценных бумаг - Issuance of securities; Used in financial contexts to refer to stock or bond issuance.
• издание книг - Issuance of books; Refers to publishing and releasing books.

Usage Notes:

'Выдача' is the most direct equivalent for general issuance in administrative contexts, while 'издание' is better for publishing. Choose 'эмиссия' for financial or scientific scenarios. These words are typically formal and appear in written or official spoken Russian. Be mindful of noun gender and declension when constructing sentences, as Russian requires agreement in case, number, and gender.

Common Errors:

• Confusing 'выдача' with 'выпуск': Learners might use 'выпуск' (release) when 'выдача' (issuance) is more precise for official distribution. Incorrect: "Выпуск паспорта" (though sometimes interchangeable, it's less accurate). Correct: "Выдача паспорта". Explanation: 'Выпуск' implies production, while 'выдача' emphasizes handing over.

• Overlooking declensions: English speakers often forget to decline nouns, e.g., saying "о выдача" instead of "о выдаче" in the prepositional case. Correct usage: Always adjust for case, as in "Разговор о выдаче документов".

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, processes like 'выдача документов' (issuance of documents) are deeply tied to bureaucratic systems, often reflecting historical influences from the Soviet era. For instance, obtaining official documents can involve significant paperwork, symbolizing the value placed on formal procedures in Russian society.

Related Concepts:

• регистрация (registratsiya)
• сертификат (sertifikat)
• лицензия (litsenziya)