Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'interdict'

English Word: interdict

Key Russian Translations:

• запрет [zəˈprʲet] - [Formal, commonly used in legal and official contexts]
• интердикт [ɪn.tərˈdɪkt] - [Formal, specific to religious or ecclesiastical contexts]

Frequency: Medium (The word is not everyday vocabulary but appears in legal, administrative, and news contexts.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate level; requires understanding of Russian noun declensions and formal language, with 'запрет' being easier than 'интердикт' for beginners.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

запрет: [zəˈprʲet]

Note on запрет: The stress falls on the second syllable ("prʲet"). Be mindful of the palatalized 'r' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers.

интердикт: [ɪn.tərˈdɪkt]

Note on интердикт: This is a borrowed word with pronunciation close to its English origin; the stress is on the second syllable, and the 'd' is soft.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. A prohibition or official ban (general legal or administrative sense)

Translation(s) & Context:

• запрет - Used in everyday formal contexts, such as laws, regulations, or public notices.

Usage Examples:

• Правительство ввело запрет на ввоз запрещенных веществ.

  The government imposed an interdict on importing prohibited substances.

• В парке действует запрет на использование дронов.

  An interdict is in effect in the park prohibiting the use of drones.

• Суд вынес запрет на проведение митинга.

  The court issued an interdict against holding the rally.

• Международный запрет на торговлю редкими животными был принят ООН.

  An international interdict on trading rare animals was adopted by the UN.

2. A religious or ecclesiastical prohibition (specific sense)

Translation(s) & Context:

• интердикт - Used in church-related or historical contexts, often referring to papal decrees.

Usage Examples:

• Папа издал интердикт против ереси.

  The Pope issued an interdict against heresy.

• В средневековой Европе интердикт мог привести к отлучению от церкви.

  In medieval Europe, an interdict could result in excommunication from the church.

• Интердикт был снят после покаяния правителя.

  The interdict was lifted after the ruler's repentance.

• Современные интердикты в православии редко применяются.

  Interdicts in contemporary Orthodoxy are rarely enforced.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'запрет' and 'интердикт' are masculine nouns in Russian. 'Запрет' follows standard first-declension patterns with regular inflections, while 'интердикт' is less commonly inflected due to its borrowed status and may remain unchanged in informal use.

Note: 'Интердикт' may not always inflect in modern usage, especially in borrowed phrases, making it invariant in some contexts.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • ограничение (restriction; more general and less formal than запрет)
  • запретительный акт (prohibitory act; emphasizes legal action)
• Antonyms:
  • разрешение (permission; directly opposes the idea of prohibition)
  • дозволение (allowance; used in more permissive contexts)

Related Phrases:

• Под запретом - Under interdict; refers to something that is banned or prohibited.
• Ввести запрет - To impose an interdict; commonly used in legal or governmental announcements.
• Интердикт церкви - Church interdict; a phrase for religious prohibitions with historical connotations.

Usage Notes:

'Запрет' is the most straightforward translation for 'interdict' in everyday contexts, closely matching the English meaning of a ban or prohibition. It is typically used in formal writing or speech and should be chosen over 'интердикт' unless the context is specifically religious or historical. For example, in legal documents, 'запрет' fits well, but be aware of its declensions to maintain grammatical accuracy. When deciding between translations, consider the audience: 'интердикт' may sound overly archaic or specialized for general conversations. Always pair it with appropriate prepositions, such as 'на' (on) for objects of prohibition, e.g., 'запрет на курение'.

Common Errors:

• Common mistake: Using 'запрет' without proper declension, e.g., saying "в запрет" instead of "в запрете" (in the interdict). Correct usage: "В запрете находятся определенные товары" (Certain goods are under interdict). Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case, so always adjust based on the sentence structure to avoid sounding unnatural.

• Another error: Confusing 'интердикт' with 'интерdict' (a direct transliteration), leading to incorrect pronunciation or spelling. Correct: Use the Russian form 'интердикт' and pronounce it as [ɪn.tərˈdɪkt]. Explanation: This borrowing retains its original form but must be integrated into Russian grammar.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the concept of 'interdict' or 'запрет' often ties to historical events, such as Soviet-era prohibitions on certain ideas or practices, which could lead to censorship or state control. 'Интердикт' has roots in Orthodox Christian traditions, where it was used in medieval times to enforce religious authority, reflecting Russia's deep historical connection to the church and state.

Related Concepts:

• ограничение
• запретительный
• дозволение