Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'hull'

English Word: hull

Key Russian Translations:

• корпус [ˈkor.pəs] - [Formal, Used in nautical or technical contexts]
• шелуха [ʂɨˈlu.xə] - [Informal, Plural forms common in agricultural contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in specialized fields like shipping or botany, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires basic understanding of Russian noun declensions; for "корпус" as B1, "шелуха" as A2)

Pronunciation (Russian):

корпус: [ˈkor.pəs]

Note on корпус: The stress is on the first syllable; the "р" is rolled, which can be challenging for English speakers.

шелуха: [ʂɨˈlu.xə]

Note on шелуха: The initial "ш" is a voiceless postalveolar fricative; it may vary slightly in rapid speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Sense 1: The main body of a ship or vessel (Nautical context)

Translation(s) & Context:

• корпус - Used in formal or technical discussions about ships, boats, or engineering.

Usage Examples:

• Русский пример: Корабль имеет прочный стальной корпус, который выдерживает штормы.

  English: The ship has a sturdy steel hull that withstands storms.

• Русский пример: Во время ремонта был поврежден корпус яхты.

  English: The hull of the yacht was damaged during the repair.

• Русский пример: Инженеры тщательно осматривают корпус подводной лодки перед погружением.

  English: Engineers carefully inspect the hull of the submarine before diving.

• Русский пример: Дизайн корпуса этого судна вдохновлен классическими парусниками.

  English: The hull design of this vessel is inspired by classic sailing ships.

Sense 2: The outer covering of a seed, fruit, or grain (Botanical context)

Translation(s) & Context:

• шелуха - Informal term, often used in everyday or agricultural settings; can be pluralized for multiple items.

Usage Examples:

• Русский пример: Перед приготовлением риса нужно удалить шелуху.

  English: Before cooking rice, you need to remove the hull.

• Русский пример: Шелуха от зерен используется в кормлении скота.

  English: The hulls from the grains are used for feeding livestock.

• Русский пример: В процессе обмолота пшеницы отделяется шелуха от зерна.

  English: During the threshing of wheat, the hull is separated from the grain.

• Русский пример: Экологически чистая шелуха фруктов может быть переработана в удобрения.

  English: The eco-friendly hulls of fruits can be recycled into fertilizers.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both translations are nouns. "Корпус" is a masculine noun that follows the standard second declension pattern, while "шелуха" is a feminine noun that can be pluralized and follows the first declension.

Note: "Корпус" has irregular plural forms in some contexts, especially in technical usage.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms for корпус: оболочка (outer shell), кузов (body, for vehicles)
• Synonyms for шелуха: лузга (husk, specifically for seeds)
• Antonyms for корпус: парус (sail, as an opposite in nautical contexts)
• Antonyms for шелуха: ядро (kernel, the inner part)

Related Phrases:

• Подводный корпус - Submerged hull; used in discussions of submarines or diving vessels.
• Очистить от шелухи - To hull or remove the outer covering; common in food preparation contexts.
• Стальной корпус - Steel hull; refers to reinforced structures in engineering.

Usage Notes:

"Корпус" directly corresponds to the nautical meaning of "hull" and is preferred in formal or technical English-Russian translations. It is invariable in gender but must be declined according to Russian cases. "Шелуха" is more versatile for botanical contexts but is often used in plural forms to denote multiple items. When choosing between translations, consider the context: opt for "корпус" in mechanical or marine scenarios and "шелуха" for agricultural ones. Be mindful of Russian's grammatical gender and declensions to avoid errors in sentence structure.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "корпус" without proper declension, e.g., saying "в корпус" instead of "в корпусе" (in the hull). Correct: Always adjust for case, as in "в корпусе корабля". Explanation: Russian requires nouns to agree in case with prepositions, which English speakers often overlook.

• Error: Confusing "шелуха" with "оболочка" and using it interchangeably. Correct: "Шелуха" is specific to removable outer layers of seeds, while "оболочка" is broader. Explanation: This can lead to imprecise meaning; check context before substitution.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like "корпус" evoke historical maritime traditions, such as the Russian Navy's legacy in the Baltic and Black Seas. "Шелуха" might appear in folk tales or proverbs symbolizing insignificance, as in the idiom "отделить зерно от шелухи" (to separate the wheat from the chaff), which parallels English expressions about discerning value.

Related Concepts:

• корабль (ship)
• зерно (grain)
• оболочка (shell or casing)