Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'hohokam'

English Word: hohokam

Key Russian Translations:

• Хохокам (/xɐˈxɔkəm/) - [Proper noun, typically used in formal or academic contexts]

Frequency: Low (This term is a specialized archaeological proper noun and is rarely used in everyday Russian conversation, mostly in academic or historical discussions.)

Difficulty: Advanced (C1 level; requires familiarity with Russian phonetics and proper noun handling, as it is a transliteration of an English term.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Хохокам: /xɐˈxɔkəm/

Note on Хохокам: The initial "Х" is a voiceless velar fricative, similar to the "ch" in Scottish "loch." Stress falls on the second syllable. Pronunciation may vary slightly based on regional accents in Russia.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: An ancient Native American culture in the southwestern United States, known for its irrigation systems and pottery (archaeological term).

Translation(s) & Context:

• Хохокам - Used in academic, historical, or anthropological contexts when discussing prehistoric cultures. This transliteration is the most direct and accurate for referring to the Hohokam people in Russian texts.

Usage Examples:

• В Аризоне были обнаружены руины древней культуры Хохокам, известной своими оросительными системами.

  In Arizona, ruins of the ancient Hohokam culture were discovered, known for their irrigation systems.

• Археологи изучают артефакты Хохокам, чтобы понять их социальную структуру.

  Archaeologists are studying Hohokam artifacts to understand their social structure.

• Книга о Хохокам предоставляет детальный обзор их вклада в историю Америки.

  The book on the Hohokam provides a detailed overview of their contributions to American history.

• Музей выставляет экспонаты, связанные с цивилизацией Хохокам, включая керамику и инструменты.

  The museum displays exhibits related to the Hohokam civilization, including pottery and tools.

• Исследования Хохокам показывают, как они адаптировались к пустынному климату.

  Studies on the Hohokam show how they adapted to the desert climate.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

As "Хохокам" is a proper noun borrowed from English, it typically does not undergo regular inflection in Russian. It remains unchanged in most cases, similar to other transliterated names (e.g., it does not change for case, number, or gender). However, in genitive contexts, it might be used as is:

• Nominative: Хохокам
• Genitive: Хохокам (unchanged, e.g., "культура Хохокам")
• Other cases: Rarely inflected; treated as an invariant form in standard usage.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Древняя культура юго-запада США (Descriptive phrase; used when avoiding direct transliteration)
  • Анасази (Related ancient culture, but not exact synonym)
  Note: Synonyms are rare as this is a proper noun; the descriptive phrase is used for broader explanations.
• Antonyms: None directly applicable, as "Хохокам" is a specific cultural term without inherent opposites.

Related Phrases:

• Культура Хохокам - Refers to the Hohokam culture as a whole, often in historical discussions.
• Руины Хохокам - Means "Hohokam ruins," used when talking about archaeological sites.
• Наследие Хохокам - Translates to "Hohokam heritage," highlighting cultural legacy in educational contexts.

Usage Notes:

This Russian transliteration "Хохокам" directly corresponds to the English term, which refers to an ancient indigenous culture. It is primarily used in formal, academic, or educational settings rather than everyday speech. When using it, ensure correct capitalization as a proper noun. English speakers should note that Russian does not always inflect borrowed proper nouns, so "Хохокам" remains stable across cases. If multiple translations exist, choose "Хохокам" for precision in archaeological contexts; alternatives like descriptive phrases may be used for clarity in general discussions.

Common Errors:

• Error: Mispronouncing or misspelling as "Хохокум" due to confusion with English phonetics.

  Correct Usage: Use "Хохокам" with the accurate IPA /xɐˈxɔkəm/. Explanation: The "a" sound at the end is not dropped in Russian transliterations.

• Error: Treating it as a common noun and inflecting it (e.g., "Хохокама" in genitive).

  Correct Usage: Keep it invariant, e.g., "культура Хохокам." Explanation: As a proper noun, unnecessary inflection can make the sentence sound unnatural to native speakers.

Cultural Notes:

The term "Хохокам" in Russian contexts often evokes discussions of indigenous American histories, reflecting Russia's interest in global archaeology. It highlights the Hohokam's advanced agricultural techniques in arid regions, which parallel some aspects of ancient Russian steppe cultures, fostering cross-cultural appreciation in educational materials.

Related Concepts:

• Анасази (Anasazi culture)
• Пуэбло (Pueblo peoples)
• Моголлоны (Mogollon culture)