Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'hibernate'

English Word: hibernate

Key Russian Translations:

• гибернация [ɡʲɪ.bʲɪrˈna.t͡sɨ.jə] - [Formal, Technical]
• зимняя спячка [ˈzʲim.nʲɪ.jə ˈspʲa.t͡ɕ.kə] - [Informal, Biological]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in technical and scientific contexts, but less frequent in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with technical vocabulary and basic Russian noun inflections; for 'зимняя спячка', it may be slightly easier at B1 due to its descriptive nature)

Pronunciation (Russian):

гибернация: [ɡʲɪ.bʲɪrˈna.t͡sɨ.jə]

зимняя спячка: [ˈzʲim.nʲɪ.jə ˈspʲa.t͡ɕ.kə]

Note on гибернация: The stress falls on the third syllable ('na'), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the soft 'г' sound; pronounce it with a palatalized 'г' as in 'yes'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Biological meaning: The state of an animal entering a period of dormancy during winter.

Translation(s) & Context:

• зимняя спячка - Used in everyday biological or educational contexts, especially when describing animal behavior in nature.

Usage Examples:

• Медведи впадают в зимнюю спячку на несколько месяцев.

  Bears go into hibernation for several months.

• В холодные зимы многие животные используют зимнюю спячку для выживания.

  In cold winters, many animals use hibernation for survival.

• Зимняя спячка помогает ежам сохранять энергию.

  Hibernation helps hedgehogs conserve energy.

• Исследователи изучают, как климатические изменения влияют на зимнюю спячку у млекопитающих.

  Researchers study how climate change affects hibernation in mammals.

2. Technical meaning: A computer or device's low-power sleep state to save energy.

Translation(s) & Context:

• гибернация - Used in IT, computing, and technical discussions, often in formal or professional settings.

Usage Examples:

• Чтобы сэкономить батарею, включите гибернацию на вашем ноутбуке.

  To save battery, enable hibernation on your laptop.

• Гибернация позволяет компьютеру быстро вернуться к работе после простоя.

  Hibernation allows the computer to quickly resume work after idling.

• В операционной системе Windows гибернация сохраняет состояние системы на диск.

  In the Windows operating system, hibernation saves the system's state to the disk.

• Разработчики добавили опцию гибернации для повышения энергоэффективности устройств.

  Developers added a hibernation option to improve device energy efficiency.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both primary translations are feminine nouns in Russian, with 'гибернация' being a borrowed term from English/Greek and 'зимняя спячка' being a phrase where 'зимняя' is an adjective agreeing with 'спячка'.

For 'гибернация' (feminine noun, first declension):

For 'зимняя спячка' (phrase: 'зимняя' is an adjective that inflects, and 'спячка' is a feminine noun):

• 'Спячка' inflects similarly to 'гибернация' above.
• 'Зимняя' (feminine singular nominative) changes to agree: e.g., Genitive: зимней спячки; Plural: зимние спячки.

These follow regular patterns for Russian feminine nouns and adjectives, with no irregularities.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Спячка (more general sleep state, often used interchangeably with 'зимняя спячка')
  • Летаргия (for deep, prolonged dormancy, with a connotation of unnatural sleep)
• Antonyms:
  • Активность (activity, implying wakefulness or energy)
  • Бодрствование (wakefulness, especially in a biological context)

Related Phrases:

• Режим гибернации - A mode in computers for energy saving; used in technical contexts.
• Впасть в зимнюю спячку - To enter hibernation; common in descriptions of animal behavior.
• Гибернация системы - System hibernation; refers to computer systems powering down.

Usage Notes:

'Гибернация' is a direct loanword and best used for technical contexts, mirroring the English 'hibernate' in computing. In contrast, 'зимняя спячка' is more idiomatic for biological scenarios and carries a natural, descriptive feel. Choose based on context: formal/technical for the former, informal/educational for the latter. Note that Russian nouns require case agreement, so always adjust for grammar (e.g., in genitive constructions). This word doesn't have strong regional variations but is more prevalent in scientific literature.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using 'гибернация' in a purely biological context without specification, which can sound overly technical. Correct: Opt for 'зимняя спячка' for animals. Example of error: "Медведь в гибернации" (sounds awkward); Correct: "Медведь в зимней спячке". Explanation: 'Гибернация' implies a mechanical or digital state.
• Mistake: Forgetting adjective agreement in phrases like 'зимняя спячка'. Example of error: "Зимний спячка" (incorrect gender); Correct: "Зимняя спячка". Explanation: Adjectives must match the noun's gender, number, and case.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the concept of 'зимняя спячка' ties into folklore and literature, such as in stories about bears in Russian fairy tales, symbolizing survival in harsh winters. This reflects Russia's long, cold seasons, where hibernation is a practical adaptation, unlike in warmer climates.

Related Concepts:

• Эстабация (estivation, summer dormancy)
• Сон (sleep)
• Режим сна (sleep mode)