Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'gory'

English Word: gory

Key Russian Translations:

• кровавый [kroˈvavɨj] - [Informal, often used for literal bloodiness or graphic violence]
• жестокий [ʐɨˈstokʲɪj] - [Formal, emphasizing cruelty rather than blood]

Frequency: Medium (Common in literature, media, and everyday discussions about violence, but not as frequent as basic adjectives)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, as it involves understanding nuances of adjectives and their inflections; for жестокий, it might be A2 for beginners due to simpler forms)

Pronunciation (Russian):

кровавый: [kroˈvavɨj]

Note on кровавый: The stress falls on the second syllable ("va"), and the "ы" sound is a soft, back vowel common in Russian. Be cautious with the rolled 'r' at the beginning.

жестокий: [ʐɨˈstokʲɪj]

Note on жестокий: The initial 'ж' is a voiced fricative, similar to the 's' in "measure." Stress is on the second syllable.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Bloody or violent, referring to graphic depictions of blood and gore

Translation(s) & Context:

• кровавый - Used in contexts describing literal or metaphorical bloodiness, such as in horror films or historical events (e.g., in informal storytelling).
• жестокий - Used when emphasizing cruelty without focusing on blood, in more formal or serious discussions (e.g., in news or literature).

Usage Examples:

• Русский пример: Фильм был полон кровавых сцен, которые шокировали зрителей.

  English translation: The movie was full of gory scenes that shocked the viewers.

• Русский пример: В исторических книгах часто описывают жестокие битвы с кровавыми подробностями.

  English translation: Historical books often describe gory battles with cruel details.

• Русский пример: Он не любит кровавые фильмы, предпочитая комедии.

  English translation: He doesn't like gory movies, preferring comedies instead.

• Русский пример: Жестокий сюжет романа включает множество кровавых эпизодов.

  English translation: The gory plot of the novel includes many violent episodes.

• Русский пример: Кровавый спорт, такой как бокс, привлекает толпы зрителей.

  English translation: Gory sports like boxing attract crowds of viewers.

Meaning 2: Excessively detailed or explicit, often in a sensational way

Translation(s) & Context:

• кровавый - In extended metaphors, for overly graphic descriptions (e.g., in journalism or casual talk).
• жестокий - Less common for this meaning, but can apply in formal critiques of media.

Usage Examples:

• Русский пример: Репортаж был слишком кровавым, с излишними деталями о несчастном случае.

  English translation: The report was too gory, with unnecessary details about the accident.

• Русский пример: Жестокий реализм в книге делает её непригодной для детей.

  English translation: The gory realism in the book makes it unsuitable for children.

• Русский пример: Кровавые описания в новостях могут травмировать аудиторию.

  English translation: Gory descriptions in the news can traumatize the audience.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both кровавый and жестокий are adjectives, which inflect based on gender, number, and case in Russian. Adjectives follow the standard pattern for hard-stem adjectives.

Note: These adjectives do not have irregular inflections and follow general rules. For жестокий, it is a soft-stem adjective in some forms, which may vary slightly.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: кровожадный (bloodthirsty, more intense connotation), варварский (barbaric, implying savagery), дикий (wild, for uncontrolled violence)
• Antonyms: мирный (peaceful, opposite of violent), мягкий (gentle, lacking cruelty)

Related Phrases:

• Кровавый спорт - A phrase for violent sports like boxing; English equivalent: "blood sport".
• Кровавые детали - Refers to graphic details in a story; English: "gory details".
• Жестокий мир - Describes a harsh, unforgiving environment; English: "brutal world".

Usage Notes:

While "gory" in English often implies graphic violence, in Russian, choose кровавый for literal blood-related contexts and жестокий for broader cruelty. Кровавый is more vivid and informal, suitable for casual conversations or media, whereas жестокий fits formal writing or serious discussions. Be mindful of gender and case agreements in sentences, as Russian adjectives must match the noun they describe. For learners, start with кровавый in simple sentences before exploring жестокий's nuances.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using кровавый without proper inflection, e.g., saying "кровавый женщина" instead of "кровавая женщина". Correction: Always inflect the adjective to match the noun's gender and case. Explanation: Russian requires agreement, so this error can make the sentence grammatically incorrect and confusing.

• Error: Confusing кровавый with жестокий in non-violent contexts, e.g., using кровавый for emotional cruelty. Correction: Use жестокий for psychological or non-physical harshness. Explanation: Кровавый specifically evokes blood, so it might mislead in metaphorical uses.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like кровавый often appear in literature and media reflecting historical events, such as wars or revolutions (e.g., in works by Tolstoy). They carry a connotation of realism in storytelling, emphasizing the brutality of life, which contrasts with more romanticized Western portrayals and highlights Russia's history of conflict.

Related Concepts:

• насилие (violence)
• ужас (horror)
• варварство (barbarism)