Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'geographical'

English Word: geographical

Key Russian Translations:

• географический [ʐʲɪɐˈɡrafʲɪtɕɪskʲɪj] - [Adjective; Formal; Used in academic, scientific, or descriptive contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Commonly encountered in educational, scientific, and travel-related discussions, but not everyday casual speech)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; Requires understanding of Russian adjective declensions and vocabulary related to sciences, per CEFR standards)

Pronunciation (Russian):

географический: [ʐʲɪɐˈɡrafʲɪtɕɪskʲɪj]

Note on географический: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ("graf"), and the initial "г" is pronounced as a voiced fricative [ʐʲ]. Be mindful of the palatalized consonants, which can be challenging for English speakers.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Relating to the study or features of geography (e.g., physical or human landscapes)

Translation(s) & Context:

• географический - Used in formal contexts like education, maps, or environmental discussions to describe anything pertaining to geography.

Usage Examples:

• Эта книга охватывает географические особенности России.

  This book covers the geographical features of Russia.

• Географический анализ помогает понять климатические изменения.

  Geographical analysis helps understand climate changes.

• В университете я изучаю географический аспект глобализации.

  At university, I'm studying the geographical aspect of globalization.

• Географический атлас необходим для путешествий.

  A geographical atlas is essential for travels.

• Географический рельеф этой области очень разнообразный.

  The geographical terrain of this area is very diverse.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Географический is an adjective in Russian, which follows the standard first-declension adjective patterns. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. There are no irregular forms, but it changes based on grammatical context.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: территориальный (territorial; emphasizes land or boundaries), региональный (regional; focuses on areas)
• Antonyms: исторический (historical; contrasts with geographical by focusing on time rather than space), экономический (economic; deals with finances rather than physical features)

Related Phrases:

• Географическая карта - A map showing geographical features; commonly used in navigation or education.
• Географическое положение - The geographical location or position of a place; often discussed in travel or geopolitics.
• Географическая наука - The science of geography; refers to the academic field.

Usage Notes:

Географический directly corresponds to the English "geographical" as an adjective, but in Russian, it must always agree with the noun in gender, number, and case. It's typically formal and academic, so avoid using it in casual conversations. When choosing between synonyms like территориальный, opt for географический if the focus is on natural or physical aspects rather than administrative ones. For example, in scientific writing, it's preferred for precision.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using the base form "географический" without declension, e.g., saying "Я вижу географический река" instead of "Я вижу географическую реку" (for feminine noun).

  Correct: Ensure agreement, as in "географическую реку". Explanation: Russian adjectives must match the noun's case; this mistake often stems from English word order habits.

• Error: Confusing it with "географский" (a less common or archaic variant), leading to incorrect usage in modern contexts.

  Correct: Stick to "географический" for standard contemporary Russian. Explanation: "Географский" is outdated and may sound unnatural or erroneous in formal settings.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like географический often tie into the country's vast geography, which is a source of national pride. For instance, Russia's diverse landscapes are frequently highlighted in literature and education, reflecting historical explorations like those of the 18th-century Great Northern Expedition. This word can evoke a sense of Russia's expansive territory and its role in global geography.

Related Concepts:

• климатический (climatic)
• топографический (topographical)
• экологический (ecological)