Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'forearm'

English Word: forearm

Key Russian Translations:

• предплечье [prɪdˈplɔtɕɪ] - [Formal; used in medical and anatomical contexts]

Frequency: Medium - This term is commonly encountered in medical, sports, and everyday discussions about human anatomy, but not in casual conversation.

Difficulty: B2 - Intermediate level, as it involves specific anatomical vocabulary; suitable for learners with a good grasp of basic Russian grammar and vocabulary.

Pronunciation (Russian):

предплечье: [prɪdˈplɔtɕɪ]

Note on предплечье: The stress is on the second syllable ('plɔtɕɪ'). Pay attention to the soft sign (ь) at the end, which affects pronunciation by palatalizing the preceding consonant. Variations in regional accents may soften the 'ch' sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The part of the arm between the elbow and the wrist (anatomical term).

Translation(s) & Context:

• предплечье - Typically used in formal, medical, or educational contexts to describe human anatomy; less common in informal speech where more descriptive phrases might be used.

Usage Examples:

• Он сломал предплечье во время футбольного матча.

  He broke his forearm during a football match. (This example shows the word in a sports injury context, demonstrating nominative case usage.)

• Врачи наложили гипс на её предплечье после аварии.

  Doctors put a cast on her forearm after the accident. (Illustrates the word in a medical setting, with the accusative case in action.)

• Предплечье — это часть руки, которая соединяет локоть и кисть.

  The forearm is the part of the arm that connects the elbow and the wrist. (This demonstrates definitional usage in an educational or explanatory context.)

• Тренировки укрепляют мышцы предплечья для лучшей хватки.

  Workouts strengthen the forearm muscles for a better grip. (Shows the word in a fitness or physical training context, highlighting possessive structures.)

• В детстве я часто царапал предплечье о кусты.

  As a child, I often scratched my forearm on bushes. (This example uses the word in a personal, narrative context, with genitive case implications.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

'Предплечье' is a neuter noun in the third declension group in Russian. It follows standard noun inflection patterns for case, number, and gender. As a neuter noun ending in -е, it is relatively straightforward but does exhibit changes in cases. Below is a table of its declensions:

Note: The plural forms are less commonly used as 'предплечье' typically refers to a singular body part, but they apply in contexts like medical discussions of multiple individuals.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • передняя часть руки (perednyaya chast' ruki) - Less formal, more descriptive synonym, used in everyday language.
  • локтевая часть (loktewaya chast') - Specific to contexts emphasizing the elbow connection; slight nuance in anatomical precision.
• Antonyms: Not directly applicable, as 'предплечье' is a specific body part without a clear opposite. However, related terms like 'плечо' (plecho, shoulder) could be considered contextually contrasting.

Related Phrases:

• предплечье руки (predploch'ye ruki) - Meaning: Forearm of the arm; used to specify in anatomical descriptions.
• сломанное предплечье (slomannoye predploch'ye) - Meaning: Broken forearm; common in injury-related contexts.
• укрепление предплечья (ukrepleniye predploch'ya) - Meaning: Strengthening the forearm; often in fitness or rehabilitation scenarios.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'предплечье' directly corresponds to the English 'forearm' in anatomical and medical contexts, making it a precise translation. However, in informal speech, Russians might opt for more descriptive phrases like 'от локтя до кисти' (from the elbow to the wrist) to avoid technical terms. Be mindful of case endings when using it in sentences; for example, it changes to 'предплечьем' in the instrumental case for actions involving the forearm. When choosing between translations, use 'предплечье' for formal writing or professional discussions, but consider context to ensure natural flow.

Common Errors:

• Confusing 'предплечье' with 'плечо' (plecho, shoulder): Learners might mistakenly use 'плечо' when describing the forearm. Incorrect: "Я болит плечо" (meaning "My forearm hurts"). Correct: "У меня болит предплечье." Explanation: 'Плечо' refers specifically to the upper arm, so always verify the exact body part.

• Incorrect case usage: For instance, using the nominative 'предплечье' in a genitive context. Incorrect: "Боль в предплечье" (which is actually correct, but if meant as "of the forearm," ensure proper integration). Correct: "Боль предплечья" in genitive. Explanation: Russian cases must match the sentence structure; practice declensions to avoid this.

Cultural Notes:

'Предплечье' is a neutral anatomical term without strong cultural connotations in Russian. However, in Russian literature or folklore, body parts like the forearm might symbolize strength or vulnerability, as seen in stories involving heroes or laborers. For example, in traditional Russian tales, a strong 'предплечье' could represent physical prowess, reflecting cultural values of endurance and hard work.

Related Concepts:

• локоть (lokot' - elbow)
• кисть (kist' - wrist)
• плечо (plecho - shoulder)
• мышцы (myshtsy - muscles)