Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'entrammel'

English Word: entrammel

Key Russian Translations:

• стеснять /stʲɪˈsnʲætʲ/ - [Formal, used in contexts involving restrictions or limitations]
• связывать /svʲɪˈzɨvætʲ/ - [Informal, often metaphorical for entangling or binding]
• ограничивать /ɐɡrəˈnʲitʲʃʲɪtʲ/ - [Neutral, applied to legal or practical constraints]

Frequency: Low (This word and its translations are not commonly used in everyday Russian conversation, appearing more in formal or literary contexts.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of verb conjugations and nuanced usage. For 'стеснять', it is B2; for 'связывать', it may be A2 if focusing on basic forms.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

стеснять: /stʲɪˈsnʲætʲ/ (The stress is on the second syllable; note the palatalized 'т' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers.)

Note on стеснять: This verb has a soft 'с' sound at the beginning, and the infinitive form ends with a palatalized consonant. Pay attention to the stress to avoid mispronunciation in rapid speech.

связывать: /svʲɪˈzɨvætʲ/ (Stress on the third syllable; the 'в' is softened due to the following vowel.)

Note on связывать: This word involves a voiced 'в' that can vary in informal speech; beginners may confuse it with similar verbs like 'вязать'.

ограничивать: /ɐɡrəˈnʲitʲʃʲɪtʲ/ (Stress on the third syllable; the 'ч' is a soft palatal fricative.)

Note on ограничивать: The initial 'о' is reduced in unstressed positions, common in Russian phonetics.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: To hinder, obstruct, or restrict something, often metaphorically (e.g., limiting freedom or progress).

Translation(s) & Context:

• стеснять - Used in formal or bureaucratic contexts, such as legal restrictions or social constraints.
• связывать - Applied in informal settings, like entangling relationships or physical bindings.
• ограничивать - Neutral and common in everyday or professional discussions about limits.

Usage Examples:

• Бюрократия стесняет развитие бизнеса в стране. (Bureaucracy hinders business development in the country.)

  English Translation: Bureaucracy entrammels business development in the country. (This example shows 'стеснять' in a formal, economic context.)

• Старая традиция связывает руки молодым поколениям. (Old traditions bind the hands of the younger generations.)

  English Translation: Old traditions entrammel the younger generations. (Here, 'связывать' illustrates a metaphorical usage in cultural discussions.)

• Законы ограничивают свободу слова в некоторых регионах. (Laws limit freedom of speech in some regions.)

  English Translation: Laws entrammel freedom of speech in some regions. (This demonstrates 'ограничивать' in a legal context with straightforward syntax.)

• Экономический кризис стесняет возможности для путешествий. (The economic crisis restricts opportunities for travel.)

  English Translation: The economic crisis entrammels opportunities for travel. (Shows 'стеснять' with abstract nouns in a modern context.)

Meaning 2: To entangle or complicate, often in a physical or literal sense.

Translation(s) & Context:

• связывать - Preferred for physical entanglement, like ropes or wires.
• стеснять - Less common but used for metaphorical entanglements.

Usage Examples:

• Веревки связывают ноги лошади, чтобы она не убежала. (Ropes bind the horse's legs so it doesn't run away.)

  English Translation: Ropes entrammel the horse's legs so it doesn't run away. (This example highlights 'связывать' in a literal, physical context.)

• Сложные правила стесняют повседневную жизнь. (Complicated rules entangle everyday life.)

  English Translation: Complicated rules entrammel everyday life. (Demonstrates 'стеснять' in an everyday, slightly informal setting.)

• Эти кабели связывают оборудование, создавая путаницу. (These cables entangle the equipment, creating confusion.)

  English Translation: These cables entrammel the equipment, creating confusion. (Shows 'связывать' with objects in a technical context.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

These translations are primarily verbs, which undergo conjugation based on tense, aspect, person, and number in Russian. 'Стеснять' and 'связывать' are imperfective verbs, while 'ограничивать' can be used in both imperfective and perfective forms (e.g., 'ограничить'). Russian verbs follow regular patterns but have irregularities in certain aspects.

For 'ограничивать', the perfective counterpart is 'ограничить', which does not change in the same way. These verbs are regular but require attention to aspect for accurate usage.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • мешать (meshat') - Interferes or obstructs, often temporarily.
  • тормозить (tormozit') - Slows down or hinders progress, with a connotation of braking.
• Antonyms:
  • помогать (pomogat') - To help or assist.
  • освобождать (osvobozhdat') - To free or release from constraints.

Related Phrases:

• стеснять свободу (stesnyat' svobodu) - To restrict freedom; often used in political or social contexts.
• связывать руки (svyazyvat' ruki) - To tie one's hands; a metaphor for limiting actions.
• ограничивать доступ (ogranichivat' dostup) - To limit access; common in digital or security-related phrases.

Usage Notes:

'Entrammel' corresponds closely to 'стеснять' in formal English-Russian translations, emphasizing restriction without physical force. Choose 'связывать' for more literal entanglements and 'ограничивать' for boundaries. Be mindful of aspect in Russian: use imperfective for ongoing actions (e.g., 'стеснять' for continuous hindrance) and perfective for completed ones. In formal writing, 'стеснять' is preferred, while 'связывать' suits informal speech. Avoid direct word-for-word translation; context dictates the best fit.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'стеснять' interchangeably with 'связывать' without considering context. For example, learners might say "Я связываю мою свободу" instead of "Я стесняю мою свободу" for abstract restriction.

  Correct: "Я стесняю свою свободу" (I am restricting my freedom). Explanation: 'Связывать' implies physical binding, so it's incorrect for metaphorical use.

• Error: Neglecting verb aspect, e.g., using 'стеснять' where a perfective form like 'стеснить' is needed for a completed action.

  Correct: Instead of "Я стеснять вчера" (incorrect), say "Я стеснил вчера" (I restricted yesterday). Explanation: Russian requires aspect agreement for tense accuracy.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'стеснять' often carry historical connotations from Soviet-era bureaucracy, where restrictions on personal freedom were common. This can evoke themes of oppression in literature, such as in works by Dostoevsky, helping users understand the emotional weight behind these translations.

Related Concepts:

• мешать
• тормозить
• освобождать