Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'endeavour'

English Word: endeavour

Key Russian Translations:

• стремление [strʲɪmˈlʲenʲje] - [Formal, used in contexts of aspiration or long-term goals]
• предприятие [prʲɪdprʲɪˈjatʲje] - [Formal, often in business or organizational contexts]
• усилие [uˈsʲilʲje] - [Informal, emphasizing effort or exertion]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in educational, motivational, and professional Russian texts, but not as ubiquitous as everyday words like "дом").

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, based on CEFR; requires understanding of noun declensions and contextual usage; for 'стремление', it's B1, while 'усилие' might be A2 for simpler forms).

Pronunciation (Russian):

стремление: [strʲɪmˈlʲenʲje]

Note on стремление: The stress falls on the third syllable; be mindful of the soft 'л' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers due to its palatalization.

предприятие: [prʲɪdprʲɪˈjatʲje]

Note on предприятие: Pronunciation varies slightly in fast speech; the initial 'pr' cluster is similar to English, but the soft 'r' may require practice.

усилие: [uˈsʲilʲje]

Note on усилие: The 'у' is pronounced like the 'oo' in "food"; this word is relatively straightforward but watch for the soft 'л'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A serious attempt or effort to achieve a goal (general sense)

Translation(s) & Context:

• стремление - Used in formal or motivational contexts, such as personal development or philosophy.
• усилие - Applied in everyday scenarios involving physical or mental exertion.

Usage Examples:

• Его стремление к успеху вдохновляет всех вокруг. (His endeavour to succeed inspires everyone around him.)

  English: His aspiration for success inspires everyone around him. This example shows 'стремление' in a motivational context.

• С помощью усилий команды проект был завершен вовремя. (With the team's endeavours, the project was completed on time.)

  English: With the team's efforts, the project was completed on time. Here, 'усилие' demonstrates collective action in a professional setting.

• Это предприятие требует большого терпения и настойчивости. (This endeavour requires great patience and persistence.)

  English: This undertaking requires great patience and persistence. This illustrates 'предприятие' in a business or challenging context.

• Ее ежедневные усилия в изучении русского языка окупаются. (Her daily endeavours in learning Russian are paying off.)

  English: Her daily efforts in learning Russian are paying off. This shows 'усилие' in an educational routine.

• Стремление к миру — это вечная цель человечества. (The endeavour for peace is an eternal goal of humanity.)

  English: The aspiration for peace is an eternal goal of humanity. This highlights 'стремление' in a philosophical or global context.

Meaning 2: A project or venture, often with an element of risk (specific to undertakings)

Translation(s) & Context:

• предприятие - Common in business, entrepreneurship, or adventurous pursuits.

Usage Examples:

• Это новое предприятие в области технологий может изменить рынок. (This new endeavour in technology could change the market.)

  English: This new undertaking in technology could change the market. Example focuses on innovation and risk.

• Предприятие по исследованию Антарктиды требует тщательной подготовки. (The endeavour to explore Antarctica requires thorough preparation.)

  English: The undertaking to explore Antarctica requires thorough preparation. This shows 'предприятие' in an exploratory context.

• Его предприятие в стартапе закончилось успехом. (His endeavour in the startup ended in success.)

  English: His undertaking in the startup ended in success. Illustrates business application with a positive outcome.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

All key translations ('стремление', 'предприятие', 'усилие') are nouns and follow standard Russian declension patterns for neuter or masculine nouns. 'Стремление' and 'усилие' are neuter, while 'предприятие' is neuter as well.

Note: These nouns do not have irregular forms, making them relatively straightforward for learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Аспирация (aspiration, more literary)
  • Попытка (attempt, for 'усилие')
  • Затея (scheme or venture, similar to 'предприятие'; often implies creativity)
• Antonyms:
  • Бездействие (inaction)
  • Пассивность (passivity)

Related Phrases:

• Сделать усилие (Make an effort) - A common phrase for encouraging action in daily life.
• Стремление к совершенству (Aspiration for perfection) - Used in self-improvement contexts to denote ongoing pursuit.
• Новое предприятие (New undertaking) - Refers to starting a project, often in business, with implications of innovation.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'стремление' best matches 'endeavour' when emphasizing long-term goals, while 'усилие' is more suitable for immediate actions. Always consider the context: formal writing prefers 'предприятие' for ventures. English speakers should note that Russian nouns decline, so 'стремление' changes form based on case (e.g., in genitive: стремления). Choose translations based on register—'усилие' is versatile for informal speech.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'стремление' interchangeably with 'усилие' without considering intensity. For example, learners might say "Я сделал стремление" instead of "Я сделал усилие" for "I made an effort."

  Correct: "Я сделал усилие." Explanation: 'Стремление' implies aspiration, not a single action, leading to semantic mismatch.

• Error: Forgetting declension, e.g., saying "без стремление" instead of "без стремления" (without endeavour).

  Correct: "Без стремления." Explanation: Russian requires genitive case after prepositions like 'без', so always adjust the noun form.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'стремление' often tie into themes of perseverance, as seen in literature by authors like Tolstoy, where personal endeavours reflect broader societal or moral quests. This reflects Russia's historical emphasis on resilience in the face of challenges, such as in revolutionary or wartime contexts.

Related Concepts:

• Мотивация (motivation)
• Цель (goal)
• Упорство (perseverance)