Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'ecological'

English Word: ecological

Key Russian Translations:

• экологический [ˌɛkələˈɡitɕɪskʲɪj] - [Formal, Scientific]
• экологичный [ˌɛkələˈɡitɕnʲɪj] - [Informal, Everyday, Often used for 'eco-friendly']

Frequency: Medium (Common in environmental discussions, scientific texts, and media, but not in casual conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of scientific vocabulary and basic Russian adjective declensions. For 'экологический', it's B2; for 'экологичный', it's slightly easier at B1 due to its more straightforward usage.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

экологический: [ˌɛkələˈɡitɕɪskʲɪj]

экологичный: [ˌɛkələˈɡitɕnʲɪj]

Note on экологический: The stress is on the fourth syllable ('gi-'), and the 'ч' sound is a palatalized affricate, which can be challenging for English speakers. Pronounce it with a soft 'k' sound before the 'i'.

Audio: Play audio pronunciation (Insert actual audio file link here)

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Related to ecology or the environment (e.g., pertaining to the study of ecosystems)

Translation(s) & Context:

• экологический - Used in formal scientific or academic contexts, such as discussing environmental policies or ecological systems.
• экологичный - Used in everyday contexts for something environmentally friendly, like products or practices.

Usage Examples:

• Экологический баланс в лесу был нарушен из-за вырубки деревьев.

  The ecological balance in the forest was disrupted due to deforestation.

• Эта компания производит экологически чистые продукты, чтобы защитить природу.

  This company produces eco-friendly products to protect nature.

• В университете я изучаю экологический аспект климатических изменений.

  At university, I'm studying the ecological aspect of climate change.

• Экологичный образ жизни включает сортировку мусора и использование общественного транспорта.

  An eco-friendly lifestyle includes recycling waste and using public transportation.

• Правительство ввело экологические стандарты для промышленных предприятий.

  The government introduced ecological standards for industrial enterprises.

Meaning 2: Environmentally sustainable or green (e.g., in the context of conservation)

Translation(s) & Context:

• экологический - Applied in policy or research contexts, emphasizing sustainability.
• экологичный - More casual, often in marketing or daily life for 'green' products.

Usage Examples:

• Экологический туризм становится популярным в России, так как он минимизирует вред природе.

  Ecological tourism is becoming popular in Russia as it minimizes harm to nature.

• Мы выбрали экологичный материал для строительства дома, чтобы снизить углеродный след.

  We chose an eco-friendly material for building the house to reduce our carbon footprint.

• Экологическая кампания в городе призывает жителей сажать деревья.

  The ecological campaign in the city encourages residents to plant trees.

• Экологичный транспорт, такой как велосипеды, помогает бороться с загрязнением.

  Eco-friendly transportation, such as bicycles, helps combat pollution.

• В отчёте подчёркивается экологическая значимость заповедных зон.

  The report emphasizes the ecological importance of protected areas.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'экологический' and 'экологичный' are adjectives, which inflect based on gender, number, and case in Russian. Russian adjectives follow standard patterns for hard-stem adjectives.

Note: These forms are regular and follow the standard adjective paradigm. 'Экологичный' may have slight variations in poetic or archaic contexts but is generally unchanging in modern usage.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • экологический: природазащитный (prirodazashchitnyy) - More focused on protection aspects.
  • экологичный: зеленый (zelenyy) - Informal, often used in eco-marketing contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • неэкологический (neekologicheskiy) - Directly opposite, meaning non-ecological or harmful to the environment.
  • вредный (vrednyy) - General antonym for 'harmful', especially in informal contexts.

Related Phrases:

• Экологический баланс (Ecological balance) - Refers to the equilibrium in ecosystems.
• Экологически чистый (Ecologically clean) - Describes products or areas free from pollution.
• Экологичный транспорт (Eco-friendly transportation) - Common in discussions about sustainable mobility.
• Защита окружающей среды (Protection of the environment) - A broader phrase often paired with ecological concepts.

Usage Notes:

'Экологический' is a direct cognate of 'ecological' and is used in formal, scientific, or official contexts, such as environmental reports or policies. It precisely matches the English term when referring to ecology as a science. In contrast, 'экологичный' is more versatile and aligns with 'eco-friendly' in everyday English, making it suitable for casual conversations or marketing. Choose 'экологический' for academic precision and 'экологичный' for practical, sustainability-focused scenarios. Be mindful of adjective agreement: always decline based on the noun's gender, number, and case. For example, in phrases like 'экологический проект' (ecological project), it must agree with the masculine noun.

Common Errors:

• Error: Failing to decline the adjective correctly, e.g., saying 'экологический дом' in the genitive case as 'экологический дом' instead of 'экологического дома'.

  Correct: Use 'экологического дома' to indicate possession or relation. Explanation: Russian adjectives must agree in case; this mistake often occurs among English speakers who treat adjectives as invariable.

• Error: Confusing 'экологический' with 'экологичный', using 'экологический' in casual contexts where 'экологичный' is more appropriate, e.g., 'экологический продукты' instead of 'экологичные продукты'.

  Correct: 'Экологичные продукты' for eco-friendly products. Explanation: 'Экологичный' implies practicality, while 'экологический' is more theoretical; misuse can make speech sound overly formal or incorrect.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like 'экологический' gained prominence during the Soviet era with environmental movements, such as the fight against pollution in the Baikal Lake region. Today, they reflect Russia's ongoing environmental challenges, including climate change and industrial impacts, often tied to national pride in vast natural landscapes. Using these words can evoke a sense of responsibility toward 'природа' (nature), which is deeply ingrained in Russian literature and identity.

Related Concepts:

• природоохранный (environmental protection)
• загрязнение (pollution)
• устойчивость (sustainability)
• биоразнообразие (biodiversity)