Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'discriminating'

English Word: discriminating

Key Russian Translations:

• разборчивый [rɐzbɐrʲˈtɕɪvɨj] - [Formal; used for having good judgment or taste]
• дискриминирующий [dʲɪskrʲɪmʲɪˈnʲirujʊʂʲɪj] - [Formal; used in contexts of bias or discrimination]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in written and formal spoken Russian, but not everyday casual conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of adjective inflections and nuanced contexts; for "разборчивый", it's B2; for "дискриминирующий", it's C1 due to loanword usage)

Pronunciation (Russian):

разборчивый: [rɐzbɐrʲˈtɕɪvɨj]

Note on разборчивый: The stress falls on the third syllable ("tɕɪvɨj"). Be cautious with the palatalized 'r' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers.

Audio: Play audio for разборчивый

дискриминирующий: [dʲɪskrʲɪmʲɪˈnʲirujʊʂʲɪj]

Note on дискриминирующий: This is a loanword from English, so pronunciation closely mirrors the original. The 'щ' sound (ʂʲ) is soft and fricative, similar to 'sh' in "shesh."

Audio: Play audio for дискриминирующий

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Having good judgment, taste, or discernment (e.g., selective or picky in a positive sense).

Translation(s) & Context:

• разборчивый - Often used in formal or literary contexts to describe someone who is selective about quality, such as in art, food, or relationships.

Usage Examples:

• Он очень разборчивый в выборе книг и всегда предпочитает классику.

  He is very discriminating in choosing books and always prefers classics.

• Эта разборчивая хозяйка не покупает продукты без тщательной проверки.

  This discriminating housewife doesn't buy products without thorough checking.

• Разборчивый гурман может отличить настоящее вино от подделки.

  A discriminating gourmet can tell real wine from a fake.

• В моде она всегда разборчивая, выбирая только элегантные вещи.

  In fashion, she is always discriminating, selecting only elegant items.

Meaning 2: Involving discrimination or bias (e.g., unfairly distinguishing based on characteristics).

Translation(s) & Context:

• дискриминирующий - Used in legal, social, or academic contexts to describe actions or policies that discriminate, often negatively.

Usage Examples:

• Дискриминирующий закон по признаку пола был отменен в 2020 году.

  The discriminating law based on gender was repealed in 2020.

• Такая дискриминирующая политика в компании приводит к конфликтам.

  Such a discriminating policy in the company leads to conflicts.

• Мы должны бороться с дискриминирующими практиками в образовании.

  We must fight against discriminating practices in education.

• Дискриминирующий подход к мигрантам нарушает права человека.

  A discriminating approach to migrants violates human rights.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both translations are adjectives, which inflect based on gender, number, and case in Russian. Adjectives typically agree with the nouns they modify.

For "разборчивый" (an adjective with regular inflections):

For "дискриминирующий" (also regular, but less common as a native word):

Note: These adjectives do not have irregular forms, but always ensure agreement with the noun in sentence structure.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • разборчивый: требовательный (trebuyatel'nyy) - More emphatic, implying higher standards.
  • дискриминирующий: предвзятый (predvzyatyiy) - Used for biased attitudes, often in everyday contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • разборчивый: неразборчивый (nerazborchivyy) - Implies lack of discernment or poor taste.
  • дискриминирующий: равноправный (ravnopravnyiy) - Means equitable or non-discriminatory.

Related Phrases:

• Быть разборчивым в друзьях - To be discriminating in friends; implies careful selection based on quality.
• Дискриминирующая политика - Discriminating policy; refers to biased rules or laws.
• Разборчивый вкус - Discriminating taste; used for refined preferences in art or cuisine.

Usage Notes:

"Разборчивый" is a more positive translation of "discriminating" in English, often implying sophistication, while "дискриминирующий" aligns with negative connotations like bias. Choose based on context: use "разборчивый" for personal tastes and "дискриминирующий" for legal or social issues. Be mindful of Russian adjective agreement with nouns. In formal writing, these words enhance precision, but in casual speech, simpler alternatives like "требовательный" might be preferred.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "разборчивый" in a negative context, e.g., saying "Он разборчивый к людям" (incorrect inflection or word choice). Correct: "Он разборчив в людях." Explanation: Russian adjectives must agree in case; this error stems from direct English translation without adjusting for grammar.

• Error: Mispronouncing "дискриминирующий" by softening the wrong consonants. Correct pronunciation: [dʲɪskrʲɪmʲɪˈnʲirujʊʂʲɪj]. Explanation: English speakers often overlook Russian's palatalization, leading to confusion in formal discussions.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "разборчивый" reflects a value placed on refinement and intellectual discernment, often associated with the educated elite in literature like Tolstoy's works. Conversely, "дискриминирующий" highlights ongoing social issues in Russia, such as gender or ethnic biases, rooted in historical contexts like Soviet-era policies, helping users understand the word's deeper societal implications.

Related Concepts:

• требовательный (demanding)
• предубежденный (prejudiced)
• равноправие (equality)