Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Demand'

English Word: Demand

Key Russian Translations:

• требование [trʲɪˈbovanʲɪjə] - [Neutral, Formal]
• спрос [spros] - [Neutral, Often used in economic contexts]

Frequency: Medium-High (both translations are commonly used)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for both translations

Pronunciation (Russian):

требование: [trʲɪˈbovanʲɪjə]

Note on требование: Stress falls on the second syllable. The 'е' is pronounced as a soft 'ye' sound.

спрос: [spros]

Note on спрос: A short, straightforward word with stress on the single syllable.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Demand as a Requirement or Request

Translation(s) & Context:

• требование - Used for formal requests, requirements, or demands in legal, professional, or personal contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Его требование было немедленно выполнено.

  His demand was immediately fulfilled.

• Требование к качеству продукции очень высокое.

  The demand for product quality is very high.

• Она выдвинула требование о повышении зарплаты.

  She made a demand for a salary increase.

2. Demand as Market or Economic Need

Translation(s) & Context:

• спрос - Refers to consumer demand or need in economic or market contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Спрос на жильё в этом районе растёт.

  Demand for housing in this area is growing.

• Высокий спрос на товар привёл к повышению цен.

  High demand for the product led to price increases.

• На рынке наблюдается низкий спрос на эти услуги.

  There is low demand for these services in the market.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

требование (Noun, Neuter): Follows the standard neuter noun declension in Russian.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	требование	требования
Genitive	требования	требований
Dative	требованию	требованиям
Accusative	требование	требования
Instrumental	требованием	требованиями
Prepositional	требовании	требованиях

спрос (Noun, Masculine): Follows the standard masculine noun declension in Russian.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	спрос	спросы (rare)
Genitive	спроса	спросов (rare)
Dative	спросу	спросам (rare)
Accusative	спрос	спросы (rare)
Instrumental	спросом	спросами (rare)
Prepositional	спросе	спросах (rare)

Note: "спрос" is often used in singular form; plural forms are rarely used.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for требование:

• просьба (request, softer tone)
• условие (condition or requirement)

Note: "просьба" is less formal and implies a polite request, while "условие" is often used in contracts or agreements.

Synonyms for спрос:

• потребность (need)
• интерес (interest)

Antonyms for спрос:

• предложение (supply)

Related Phrases:

• выдвигать требование - to make a demand (formal or serious request)
• спрос и предложение - supply and demand (economic term)
• пользоваться спросом - to be in demand (to be popular or sought after)

Usage Notes:

• "требование" is generally used for formal or serious demands, such as in legal or professional settings. It can also refer to a requirement or condition.
• "спрос" is specifically tied to economic or market contexts, referring to consumer demand or interest in something.
• Choosing between the two depends on context: use "требование" for personal or formal demands, and "спрос" for market-related needs.

Common Errors:

• Mixing "требование" and "спрос": English learners often use "спрос" when they mean a personal demand. For example, saying "У меня есть спрос" (I have a demand) is incorrect; the correct form is "У меня есть требование" (I have a demand/requirement).
• Incorrect case usage: Failing to decline nouns properly in sentences. For instance, saying "Я вижу спрос на" instead of "Я вижу спрос на + accusative case" (e.g., "спрос на товар").

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, making a "требование" (demand) in personal interactions can sometimes be seen as overly assertive or impolite unless justified by context (e.g., legal rights or professional settings). Russians often soften demands by framing them as requests ("просьба").

Related Concepts:

• просьба (request)
• потребность (need)
• предложение (supply)