Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'corrupt'

English Word: corrupt

Key Russian Translations:

• коррумпированный [kɐrʊmˈpʲirəvənːɨj] - [Formal, Adjective]
• продажный [prɐˈdaʐnɨj] - [Informal, Adjective, Often pejorative]
• испорченный [ɪˈspɐrtʃʲɪnːɨj] - [General, Adjective, Also means "spoiled"]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for all translations

Pronunciation (Russian):

коррумпированный: [kɐrʊmˈpʲirəvənːɨj]

Note on коррумпированный: Stress falls on the third syllable. The "р" sounds are rolled, which may be challenging for non-native speakers.

продажный: [prɐˈdaʐnɨj]

Note on продажный: The "ж" sound is a voiced retroflex fricative, similar to the "s" in "measure".

испорченный: [ɪˈspɐrtʃʲɪnːɨj]

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Corrupt as in "dishonest or unethical" (e.g., corrupt official)

Translation(s) & Context:

• коррумпированный - Used in formal contexts, often for officials or systems.
• продажный - More informal and derogatory, implying someone is "bought" or morally compromised.

Usage Examples:

• Этот чиновник коррумпирован и берёт взятки.

  This official is corrupt and takes bribes.

• Продажный судья вынес несправедливый приговор.

  The corrupt judge delivered an unfair verdict.

• Коррумпированная система разрушает доверие граждан.

  A corrupt system destroys citizens' trust.

2. Corrupt as in "spoiled or damaged" (e.g., corrupt data)

Translation(s) & Context:

• испорченный - Used for non-moral contexts like damaged goods or corrupted files.

Usage Examples:

• Файл испорчен, его невозможно открыть.

  The file is corrupt; it cannot be opened.

• Испорченные продукты выбросили из магазина.

  The corrupt (spoiled) products were thrown out of the store.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

коррумпированный (Adjective): Follows standard adjective declension in Russian, agreeing in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.

Case	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	коррумпированный	коррумпированная	коррумпированное	коррумпированные
Genitive	коррумпированного	коррумпированной	коррумпированного	коррумпированных

продажный (Adjective): Follows similar adjective declension rules.

испорченный (Adjective): Also follows standard adjective declension, derived from the past passive participle of "испортить" (to spoil).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for коррумпированный/продажный (dishonest sense):

• взяточник (bribe-taker)
• нечестный (dishonest)

Note: "взяточник" specifically refers to someone taking bribes, while "нечестный" is broader.

Antonyms for коррумпированный/продажный:

• честный (honest)
• порядочный (decent)

Synonyms for испорченный (spoiled sense):

• повреждённый (damaged)
• негодный (unusable)

Related Phrases:

• коррумпированная власть - Corrupt government/authority.
• продажная душа - Corrupt soul (derogatory, meaning morally compromised).
• испорченные данные - Corrupt data (as in technology).

Usage Notes:

• "коррумпированный" is the most neutral and formal term for describing corruption in institutions or individuals, often used in legal or official contexts.
• "продажный" carries a stronger negative connotation and is often used colloquially to criticize someone as "bought" or lacking integrity.
• "испорченный" should only be used in non-moral contexts (e.g., spoiled food or corrupt data). Using it for people may confuse the meaning.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "испорченный" to describe a corrupt person. Wrong: "Он испорченный политик." Correct: "Он коррумпированный политик." (Explanation: "испорченный" implies "spoiled" as in damaged, not morally corrupt.)
• Error: Overusing "продажный" in formal writing. It is better to use "коррумпированный" in official or academic contexts to avoid sounding overly emotional or biased.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, corruption is a sensitive and widely discussed topic, often associated with historical and political contexts. Terms like "продажный" may evoke strong emotional responses due to their derogatory nature, reflecting public frustration with systemic issues.

Related Concepts:

• взятка (bribe)
• коррупция (corruption)
• мошенничество (fraud)