Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Compunction'

English Word: compunction

Key Russian Translations:

• угрызения совести [ʊɡrɨˈzʲenʲɪjə sɐˈvʲestʲɪ] - [Formal, Plural]
• раскаяние [rəskɐˈjanʲɪjə] - [Formal, Neutral]
• чувство вины [ˈtɕustvə vʲɪˈnɨ] - [Neutral, Informal]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate) for "раскаяние" and "чувство вины"; C1 (Advanced) for "угрызения совести"

Pronunciation (Russian):

угрызения совести: [ʊɡrɨˈzʲenʲɪjə sɐˈvʲestʲɪ]

Note on угрызения совести: Stress falls on the second syllable of "угрызения" and the first syllable of "совести". The "г" is pronounced as a voiced fricative [ɡ].

раскаяние: [rəskɐˈjanʲɪjə]

Note on раскаяние: Stress on the second syllable. The "р" is rolled slightly.

чувство вины: [ˈtɕustvə vʲɪˈnɨ]

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. A feeling of guilt or moral scruple that prevents or follows the doing of something bad

Translation(s) & Context:

• угрызения совести - Often used in formal or literary contexts to describe deep remorse or pangs of conscience.
• раскаяние - Used for regret or repentance, often with a religious or moral connotation.
• чувство вины - Commonly used in everyday speech to describe a general feeling of guilt.

Usage Examples:

• Его мучили угрызения совести после того, как он солгал другу.

  He was tormented by pangs of conscience after lying to his friend.

• Она выразила искреннее раскаяние за свои поступки.

  She expressed sincere repentance for her actions.

• У меня чувство вины за то, что я не помог ей вовремя.

  I feel guilty for not helping her in time.

• Угрызения совести не давали ему спать всю ночь.

  Pangs of conscience kept him awake all night.

• Чувство вины может разрушить отношения, если его не обсудить.

  A feeling of guilt can destroy relationships if not discussed.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

угрызения совести: This is a fixed plural noun phrase. "Угрызения" (plural of "угрызение") follows the neuter noun declension, and "совести" is the genitive singular of "совесть" (feminine noun).

раскаяние: Neuter noun, regular declension.

чувство вины: "Чувство" is a neuter noun with regular declension; "вины" is the genitive singular of "вина" (feminine noun), often used in fixed expressions.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms:

• сожаление (regret, less intense)
• покаяние (repentance, often religious)

Antonyms:

• беззаботность (carefreeness)
• бессовестность (lack of conscience)

Related Phrases:

• испытывать угрызения совести - to feel pangs of conscience
• принести раскаяние - to express repentance
• бороться с чувством вины - to struggle with feelings of guilt

Usage Notes:

• "Угрызения совести" is a more literary or formal expression, often used to describe intense or lingering remorse. It is less common in casual conversation.
• "Раскаяние" carries a connotation of sincere regret, often tied to moral or religious contexts, such as confessing or seeking forgiveness.
• "Чувство вины" is the most versatile and commonly used term for guilt in everyday situations. It can be used in both personal and abstract contexts.
• Be mindful of the context when choosing between these translations, as they differ in tone and formality.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "угрызения совести" in casual speech.
  Incorrect: У меня угрызения совести, что я опоздал.
  Correct: У меня чувство вины, что я опоздал.
  Explanation: "Угрызения совести" is too formal and intense for minor issues like being late; "чувство вины" is more appropriate.
• Error: Misusing singular forms of "угрызения".
  Incorrect: У меня угрызение совести.
  Correct: У меня угрызения совести.
  Explanation: "Угрызения" is almost always used in the plural form in this expression.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, expressions of guilt or remorse, especially through terms like "раскаяние", are often associated with deep moral or spiritual reflection, influenced by Orthodox Christian traditions of confession and repentance. Discussing "чувство вины" openly might be seen as a sign of vulnerability or introspection, which is valued in personal relationships.

Related Concepts:

• совесть (conscience)
• вина (guilt, fault)
• стыд (shame)