Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'cachexia'

English Word: cachexia

Key Russian Translations:

• кахексия /kɐˈxek.sʲɪ.jə/ - [Formal, Medical]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in medical and scientific contexts, not in everyday conversation.)

Difficulty: C1 (Advanced learners, as it involves specialized medical vocabulary and understanding of Russian noun declensions.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

кахексия: /kɐˈxek.sʲɪ.jə/

Note on кахексия: The stress falls on the second syllable ("xek"), and the "х" is pronounced as a voiceless velar fricative, similar to the "ch" in Scottish "loch". This word may have slight variations in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: A medical condition characterized by severe weight loss, muscle wasting, and weakness, often associated with chronic diseases like cancer or AIDS.

Translation(s) & Context:

• кахексия - Used in formal medical discussions, clinical reports, or academic texts to describe the syndrome in patients with terminal illnesses. Context: Professional healthcare settings.

Usage Examples:

• Врачи диагностировали кахексию у пациента с онкологическим заболеванием, что привело к быстрому истощению организма.

  Doctors diagnosed cachexia in the patient with oncological disease, which led to rapid depletion of the body.

• Кахексия часто развивается на фоне хронических инфекций, вызывая значительное снижение веса и мышечную атрофию.

  Cachexia often develops against the background of chronic infections, causing significant weight loss and muscle atrophy.

• Лечение кахексии требует комплексного подхода, включая питание и медикаментозную терапию.

  Treating cachexia requires a comprehensive approach, including nutrition and medication therapy.

• У пожилых людей кахексия может быть вызвана комбинацией факторов, таких как недоедание и воспалительные процессы.

  In elderly people, cachexia can be caused by a combination of factors, such as malnutrition and inflammatory processes.

• Исследования показывают, что кахексия не только физическое, но и психологическое бремя для пациентов.

  Studies show that cachexia is not only a physical but also a psychological burden for patients.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"кахексия" is a feminine noun (third declension in Russian). It follows standard Russian noun declension patterns for feminine nouns ending in -ия. Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: This word does not have irregular forms, making it relatively straightforward for learners once basic declension rules are understood.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • истощение (istoshchenie) - General wasting or exhaustion, often used interchangeably in medical contexts but less specific.
  • атрофия (atrofiya) - Atrophy, emphasizing muscle loss; differs by focusing on tissue degeneration rather than overall syndrome.
• Antonyms:
  • здоровье (zdorov'ye) - Health, as it contrasts the state of well-being with cachexia.
  • рост (rost) - Growth, implying physical development or weight gain in opposition to wasting.

Related Phrases:

• кахексия при раке (kakheksiya pri rake) - Cachexia in cancer; a common phrase in oncology discussions.
• симптомы кахексии (simptomy kakheksii) - Symptoms of cachexia; used when describing clinical signs.
• профилактика кахексии (profilaktika kakheksii) - Prevention of cachexia; refers to strategies to avoid the condition in at-risk patients.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "кахексия" directly corresponds to the English "cachexia" as a medical term, primarily used in formal, professional contexts like hospitals or research papers. It is a feminine noun, so ensure correct agreement with adjectives and verbs (e.g., "тяжелая кахексия" for "severe cachexia"). When choosing between synonyms like "истощение", opt for "кахексия" in precise medical scenarios to avoid ambiguity. Be mindful of its emotional weight, as it often implies advanced disease stages.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing "кахексия" with "истощение" and using them interchangeably without context. Incorrect: "Пациент имеет истощение от рака" (implying general tiredness). Correct: "Пациент имеет кахексию от рака" (specific to the syndrome). Explanation: "Истощение" is broader and can mean simple fatigue, while "кахексия" denotes a clinical condition.

• Error: Incorrect declension, such as using the nominative form in all cases. Incorrect: "О кахексия" (wrong prepositional case). Correct: "О кахексии" (proper prepositional form). Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case, so learners should practice declensions to avoid grammatical errors.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian medical culture, terms like "кахексия" are deeply rooted in Soviet-era healthcare practices and modern oncology research. It often carries a somber connotation, reflecting the historical challenges of disease management in Russia, where access to advanced treatments has varied. Understanding this term can help English speakers appreciate the emphasis on holistic patient care in Russian medicine.

Related Concepts:

• онкология (onkologiya)
• хронические заболевания (khronicheskie zabolevaniya)
• питание при болезнях (pitanie pri bolezniakh)