Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'bust'

English Word: bust

Key Russian Translations:

• бюст [bʲust] - [Formal, Noun, Refers to a sculpture or chest]
• разорение [rəzɐˈrʲenʲɪjə] - [Formal, Noun, Refers to financial ruin]
• провал [prɐˈval] - [Informal, Noun, Refers to failure]
• разгромить [rəzɡrɐˈmʲitʲ] - [Informal, Verb, Refers to destroying or raiding]

Frequency: Medium (varies by context and translation)

Difficulty: B1-B2 (Intermediate; "бюст" and "провал" are B1, while "разорение" and "разгромить" are B2 due to nuanced usage)

Pronunciation (Russian):

бюст: [bʲust]

Note on бюст: The 'ю' sound is a palatalized vowel, pronounced with the tongue raised toward the palate.

разорение: [rəzɐˈrʲenʲɪjə]

провал: [prɐˈval]

разгромить: [rəzɡrɐˈmʲitʲ]

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Sculpture of a person's head and shoulders

Translation(s) & Context:

• бюст - Used in formal or artistic contexts to refer to a bust as a piece of sculpture.

Usage Examples:

• В музее выставлен бюст Пушкина.

  A bust of Pushkin is displayed in the museum.

• Скульптор создал бюст из мрамора.

  The sculptor created a bust from marble.

• Этот бюст стоит на площади уже сто лет.

  This bust has been standing in the square for a hundred years.

2. Financial ruin or bankruptcy

Translation(s) & Context:

• разорение - Used in formal or economic contexts to describe ruin or bankruptcy.

Usage Examples:

• Его бизнес пришел к разорению.

  His business came to ruin.

• Разорение семьи было неизбежно после кризиса.

  The ruin of the family was inevitable after the crisis.

• Эта политика привела к разорению многих компаний.

  This policy led to the ruin of many companies.

3. Failure or flop

Translation(s) & Context:

• провал - Used informally to describe a failure, often of a project or event.

Usage Examples:

• Фильм оказался полным провалом.

  The movie turned out to be a complete bust.

• Его план закончился провалом.

  His plan ended in a bust.

• Концерт был провалом из-за плохой организации.

  The concert was a bust due to poor organization.

4. To break or raid (informal)

Translation(s) & Context:

• разгромить - Used as a verb to describe breaking, destroying, or raiding something.

Usage Examples:

• Полиция разгромила подпольное казино.

  The police busted the underground casino.

• Они разгромили склад во время протестов.

  They busted the warehouse during the protests.

• Его магазин разгромили воры.

  Thieves busted his shop.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

бюст (noun, masculine): Declines as a second-declension noun.

разорение (noun, neuter): Declines as a second-declension neuter noun. Follows similar patterns to "знание".

провал (noun, masculine): Declines as a second-declension noun, similar to "бюст".

разгромить (verb): A perfective verb of the second conjugation. Requires knowledge of aspectual pairs (imperfective: громить).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for бюст:

• скульптура (refers more generally to any sculpture)
• изваяние (more poetic or archaic)

Synonyms for провал:

• неудача (more general term for failure)
• фиаско (borrowed term, often used for dramatic failure)

Antonyms for провал:

• успех (success)
• достижение (achievement)

Related Phrases:

• бюст героя - "bust of a hero" (refers to a commemorative sculpture)
• полный провал - "complete bust" (total failure)
• разгромить врага - "to bust the enemy" (to defeat or destroy completely)

Usage Notes:

• The translation of "bust" into Russian heavily depends on context. Use "бюст" only for physical sculptures or anatomical references, while "провал" fits informal contexts of failure.
• "Разорение" is a more formal and specific term for financial ruin, often used in written or economic discussions.
• "Разгромить" as a verb is often used in contexts of police raids or destruction and carries a strong, dynamic connotation.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "бюст" to describe failure. Incorrect: Этот фильм - бюст. Correct: Этот фильм - провал. (Explanation: "бюст" only refers to a physical bust, not failure.)
• Error: Confusing "разорение" with "разгромить". Incorrect: Полиция разорение казино. Correct: Полиция разгромила казино. (Explanation: "разорение" is a noun for ruin, not a verb for action.)

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the term "бюст" is often associated with sculptures of famous historical or literary figures, such as Pushkin or Lenin, commonly found in public spaces or museums. The concept of "провал" (failure) may carry a stronger emotional weight in Russian, as public failure can be seen as particularly humiliating in certain social contexts.

Related Concepts:

• скульптура (sculpture)
• неудача (failure)
• банкротство (bankruptcy)