Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'anaerobic'

English Word: anaerobic

Key Russian Translations:

• анаэробный /ɐ.nɐ.ɛˈrob.nɨj/ - [Formal, Scientific; Used in biological, medical, and exercise contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in scientific literature and specialized discussions, but rare in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; Requires familiarity with scientific terminology and basic Russian adjective declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

анаэробный: /ɐ.nɐ.ɛˈrob.nɨj/

Note on анаэробный: The stress falls on the third syllable ("rob"), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the Russian vowel reductions. The "ы" sound (/ɨ/) is a central vowel not present in English.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Main meaning: Relating to or requiring the absence of oxygen, often in biological or chemical processes.

Translation(s) & Context:

• анаэробный - Used in contexts involving biology, exercise science, or chemistry to describe processes or organisms that function without oxygen.

Usage Examples:

• В анаэробных условиях бактерии могут выживать без кислорода.

  In anaerobic conditions, bacteria can survive without oxygen.

• Анаэробные упражнения, такие как спринт, помогают развивать мышечную силу.

  Anaerobic exercises, such as sprinting, help develop muscle strength.

• Процесс анаэробного брожения используется в производстве йогурта.

  The process of anaerobic fermentation is used in yogurt production.

• Анаэробный метаболизм активируется, когда уровень кислорода падает.

  Anaerobic metabolism is activated when oxygen levels drop.

• В анаэробной среде некоторые грибы растут быстрее, чем в аэробной.

  In an anaerobic environment, some fungi grow faster than in an aerobic one.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Анаэробный" is an adjective in Russian, which means it changes based on gender, number, and case. It follows the standard pattern for adjectives ending in -ый. Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: This adjective is regular, so it follows standard Russian adjective declension rules. There are no irregular forms.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • бескислородный (besskislorodnyy) - More literal, emphasizing the absence of oxygen; often used interchangeably in scientific contexts.
  • анаэробический (anaerobicheckiy) - A less common variant, preferred in some technical translations for precision.
• Antonyms:
  • аэробный (aerobnyy) - Used for processes or organisms that require oxygen.
  • кислородный (kislordnyy) - Literally meaning "oxygen-related," but less specific.

Related Phrases:

• Анаэробное брожение - Anaerobic fermentation; A process used in food production and biotechnology.
• Анаэробные бактерии - Anaerobic bacteria; Refers to microorganisms that thrive in oxygen-free environments.
• Анаэробный тренинг - Anaerobic training; Common in fitness routines for building endurance.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "анаэробный" directly corresponds to the English "anaerobic" and is primarily used as an adjective. It must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, which is a key grammatical feature of Russian. For example, use the feminine form "анаэробная" with feminine nouns like "среда" (environment). This word is restricted to formal and scientific contexts, so avoid it in casual conversation. When choosing between synonyms like "бескислородный," opt for "анаэробный" in biological discussions for its precision. English learners should note that Russian adjectives do not have comparative forms like English; use adverbs or other structures instead.

Common Errors:

• Using the base form "анаэробный" without proper declension: Incorrect - "Я видел анаэробный бактерия" (wrong case agreement). Correct: "Я видел анаэробную бактерию" (feminine accusative). Explanation: Russian requires adjectives to match the noun's case, so always check the noun's form first.

• Confusing with its antonym: Incorrect - Using "анаэробный" to describe oxygen-dependent processes, e.g., "Анаэробный дыхание" (should be "аэробный"). Correct: "Аэробное дыхание." Explanation: This mix-up stems from similar-sounding roots; remember that "анаэробный" specifically means without oxygen.

Cultural Notes:

While "анаэробный" itself is a scientific term without strong cultural connotations, it often appears in discussions of Russian advancements in biology and space exploration. For instance, Soviet-era research on anaerobic processes contributed to microbiology, reflecting Russia's emphasis on scientific innovation. This can help English users appreciate how such terms bridge language and global scientific discourse.

Related Concepts:

• аэробный
• метаболизм
• брожение
• бактерии